Get Study notes related to practicals of microbiology.
What is Satellitism Test? Definition of Satellitism Test The Satellitism Test is a biochemical assay used to differentiate Haemophilus influenzae from other Haemophilus species based on their growth factor requirements. In this test, H. influenzae grows proximally to Staphylococcus aureus colonies on blood agar due to the latter’s production of necessary growth factors, a phenomenon … Read more
In 1898, Voges as well as Proskauer (16)characterized the process of fermentation of sugars by a variety of bacteria. They demonstrated that the gas that was produced during the process was a mixture of H2 and CO2 that when they added KOH to the cultures been grown in glucose peptone medium to allow for a prolonged period of incubation in presence of oxygen certain organisms developed a red fluorescent color. While the exact nature of the color was not known in the early days, this technique was suggested to differentiate between the bacterial strains that produced it and ones that didn’t. in 1906 Arthur Harden analyzed the fermentation products of Enterobacter aerogenes. He discovered that when it was surrounded by glucose, the organism made two compounds, acetoin as well as 2,3-butanedio.
What is Color Spectrophotometer? A color spectrophotometer is a scientific instrument designed to measure and analyze the color properties of various samples. By shining light onto a sample and measuring the intensity of the reflected light across different wavelengths, it provides a detailed profile of the sample’s color. This tool is essential in industries like … Read more
What is Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer? Definition of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer The Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) is a scientific instrument used to quantitatively determine the presence and concentration of specific chemical elements in a sample by measuring the absorbed wavelengths of light by free metallic ions in their gaseous state. Principle of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer The … Read more
What is Spectrophotometer Cuvette? A spectrophotometer cuvette is a small, usually rectangular container used to hold liquid samples in a spectrophotometer. Spectrophotometers are instruments that measure the amount of light absorbed by a sample as a function of wavelength. The cuvette is an essential component of these instruments because it holds the sample in place … Read more
What is ph Meter? Why Calibrate A pH Meter? Calibration of a pH meter is a critical procedure to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurements it provides. Here are the primary reasons why calibration is essential: In summary, calibrating a pH meter is essential for maintaining its accuracy, ensuring the reliability of results, … Read more
Alcohol fermentation, also known as ethanol fermentation, is a sophisticated biotechnological procedure wherein specific sugars, namely glucose, fructose, and sucrose, undergo a transformation into ethyl alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide. This transformation is facilitated by certain microorganisms, predominantly the yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as specific bacterial strains. Central to the realm of biotechnology, … Read more
What is Gradient PCR? Definition of Gradient PCR Gradient PCR is a specialized molecular technique that allows for the simultaneous testing of different annealing temperatures in a single PCR run, optimizing the conditions for precise DNA amplification. Principle of Gradient PCR The principle of Gradient PCR revolves around the capability to simultaneously evaluate a range … Read more
What is Yersinia pestis? Yersinia pestis is a bacterium responsible for causing the disease known as the plague. This disease has various forms, including bubonic, septicemic, and pneumonic plague. Historically, Yersinia pestis was the causative agent behind several major pandemics, including the Black Death in the 14th century, which resulted in the deaths of a … Read more
What is Microinjection? Definition of Microinjection Microinjection is a precise technique used to introduce DNA or other genetic materials directly into a cell using a micropipette or fine glass needle. It is widely employed in genetic engineering, genome editing, and various biomedical research areas. Principle of Microinjection Microinjection operates on the fundamental principle of directly … Read more
What is Toolmakers Microscope? Principle of Toolmakers Microscope The working principle of the toolmakers microscope relies on the principles of optics, similar to a conventional light microscope. The microscope is equipped with a light source that directs light upward, focusing it onto the object being observed. When the light falls on the object, it casts … Read more
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Principle The MacConkey Agar is a specialized culture medium widely used in microbiology for the isolation, identification, and differentiation of gram-negative bacteria, particularly those belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. The principle of MacConkey Agar lies in its combination of selective and differential properties, making it an effective tool in microbiological analyses. The medium’s … Read more
What is Ocular Micrometer? Working Principle of Ocular Micrometer The principle of an ocular micrometer revolves around using a calibrated scale to accurately measure the size of objects viewed through a microscope. This scale, typically divided into 100 divisions, each measuring 0.01 millimeters (µm), is an essential component placed within the eyepiece of the microscope. … Read more
What is Microscope Calibration? Method of Calibrating a Microscope The method of calibrating a microscope involves using an eyepiece graticule and a stage micrometer to establish a conversion factor that relates the divisions on the eyepiece graticule to a specific measurement in micrometers (µm). This calibration process allows researchers to accurately measure the size of … Read more
What is Stage Micrometer? Definition of Stage Micrometer A stage micrometer is a calibrated slide with a ruled scale used to calibrate microscopes and measure the size of objects under a microscope. Principle of Stage micrometer The principle of a stage micrometer is based on using a calibrated slide with a known scale to measure … Read more
Ever peered through a microscope and marveled at the microscopic universe it unveils? It’s like being Alice in her Wonderland, but instead of falling down a rabbit hole, you’re diving into the magical world of cells, bacteria, and more. Yet, have you ever wondered about the parts of this wonder-making machine and their functions? Let’s focus (pun … Read more
What is Dry Mount Slide? A dry mount slide is a type of microscope slide preparation where the specimen is directly placed on the slide without the use of any liquid medium. In this method, the specimen is typically dry, and no mounting medium or cover slip is added on top. The dry mount technique … Read more
What is Chlamydia? Distribution of Chlamydia species Chlamydia species have a wide distribution across the world, and their prevalence varies in different regions. The family Chlamydiaceae, which includes the genus Chlamydia, is believed to have originated from the Order Chlamydiales approximately seven million years ago. However, evidence of Chlamydia trachomatis infections has been found dating … Read more
Ever held a magic wand that can make your laboratory tasks a breeze? Say hello to the glass serological pipettes! These are not just any ordinary laboratory equipment, oh no, they are the unsung heroes that make precision and accuracy a reality in the realm of laboratory science. “In science, every millimeter, microliter, and milligram counts, and that’s … Read more
tools can be fascinatingly complex? If you’re nodding your head, then let’s share a curiosity-infused journey into the world of one such tool – the glass bulb pipette. Think of it as a miniature transporter, a bridge between containers, a silent contributor in groundbreaking experiments. From classrooms to advanced research labs, the humble glass bulb … Read more
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