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Difference Between Monera, Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae. The five-kingdom classification was proposed by R.H. Whittaker in 1969 and was built on the work of two-kingdom classification.
In Five Kingdom Classification, the organisms are classified based on several characteristics such as mode of nutrition, thallus organization, cell structure, phylogenetic relationships, and reproduction.
It is the most common classification system of grouping organisms based on their simple distinctive characteristics.
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Whittaker’s Five Kingdom was divided into five groups; Kingdom Animalia, Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Protista, Kingdom Monera (Bacteria).
Difference Between Monera, Protista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae
| TOPIC | MONERA | PROTISTA | FUNGI | PLANTAE | ANIMALIA |
| Call type | Prokaryotic cell | Eukaryotic cell | Eukaryotic cell | Eukaryotic cell | Eukaryotic cell |
| Cell wall | non cellulosic (polysaccharide + amino acid) | Present in some (various types) | Present (Non cellulosic) | Present (cellulosic) | Absent |
| Chloroplast | Absent | Present In some | Absent | present | Absent |
| Mitochondria | Absent | present | present | present | present |
| Nuclear Membrane | Absent | present | present | present | present |
| Tissue or Multicellularity | Absent | Absent | present but limited | present in all forms | present in all forms |
| Motility | Bacterial Flagella, gliding or non-motile | Cilia, flagella, amoeboid or contractile fibrils | Cilia, flagella in some. | Cilia, flagella in lower forms. Absent in most of the forms. | Cilia, flagella,contractile fibrils. |
| Mode of Nutrition | heterotrophic and autotrophic. | absorption and photosynthesis. | heterotrophic, absorptive, saprobic. | autotrophic. | heterotrophic. |
| Reproduction | reproduced by Asexually. | They reproduced by both Asexually and sexually. | They reproduced by both asexually and sexually. | They reproduced by both asexually and sexually. | reproduced by both asexually and sexually. |
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