What is a transgenic organism?
A. An organism that has had a foreign gene inserted into its genome
B. An organism that has undergone genetic modification
C. An organism that is a product of selective breeding
Answer: A

What is the primary function of DNA ligase in recombinant DNA technology?
A. To break down DNA
B. To amplify DNA
C. To join DNA fragments together
Answer: C

Which of the following is not a commonly used method of gene transfer in plants?
A. Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer
B. Biolistic gene transfer
C. Microinjection gene transfer
Answer: C

What is the purpose of reverse transcriptase in cDNA synthesis?
A. To amplify DNA
B. To synthesize RNA from DNA
C. To synthesize DNA from RNA
Answer: C

Which of the following is a potential application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology?
A. Treating genetic disorders
B. Enhancing athletic performance
C. Creating designer babies
Answer: A

What is the function of Taq polymerase in PCR?
A. To amplify DNA
B. To cleave DNA
C. To insert DNA into a plasmid
Answer: A

Which of the following is an example of a genetically modified organism?
A. A chicken that has been selectively bred for meat production
B. A tomato that has had a gene from a fish inserted into its genome
C. A dog that has been trained to perform tricks
Answer: B

Which of the following is a potential application of gene therapy?
A. Producing genetically modified crops
B. Treating cancer
C. Enhancing athletic performance
Answer: B

Which of the following is a potential benefit of genetically modified crops?
A. Increased resistance to pests and diseases
B. Increased genetic diversity
C. Reduced crop yields
Answer: A

What is the role of the promoter in gene expression?
A. To regulate transcription
B. To regulate translation
C. To regulate splicing
Answer: A

What is a plasmid?
A. A type of virus that infects bacteria
B. A circular DNA molecule found in bacteria
C. A protein that binds to DNA
Answer: B

Which of the following is a limitation of DNA sequencing technology?
A. High cost
B. Low accuracy
C. Limited capacity for data storage
Answer: A

What is the role of gel electrophoresis in DNA analysis?
A. To amplify DNA
B. To separate DNA fragments based on size
C. To insert DNA into a plasmid
Answer: B

Which of the following is a potential application of synthetic biology?
A. Developing new cancer drugs
B. Producing biofuels
C. Enhancing athletic performance
Answer: B

What is the function of restriction enzymes in recombinant DNA technology?
A. To amplify DNA
B. To cleave DNA at specific sites
C. To insert DNA into a plasmid
Answer: B