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MCQ on Gene Silencing

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Naked DNA refers to isolated DNA molecules that are not associated with any proteins or protective structures. It is DNA in its unbound and uncoated form, without being enclosed within a cellular nucleus or protected by a lipid membrane. Naked DNA can be obtained through various laboratory techniques, such as DNA extraction methods, enzymatic reactions, or chemical synthesis.

Naked DNA is commonly used in molecular biology and genetic research for various purposes, including gene cloning, gene expression studies, genetic engineering, and gene therapy. It serves as a template for amplification through techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and can be manipulated and modified to introduce specific genetic information into target cells or organisms.

In the context of gene therapy, naked DNA can be used as a vector to deliver therapeutic genes into cells. It can be directly introduced into target cells through techniques like transfection or electroporation, with the aim of achieving gene expression and therapeutic effects.

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One advantage of using naked DNA for gene delivery is its simplicity and ease of use compared to other delivery methods that involve viral vectors or lipid-based carriers. However, naked DNA delivery may have limitations in terms of efficiency and long-term gene expression, and it may also elicit immune responses in some cases.

Naked DNA has been instrumental in advancing genetic research, biotechnology, and medical applications. Its study and manipulation have contributed to our understanding of gene function, genetic diseases, and the development of novel therapies and treatments.

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Read Also: What Is Gene Silencing? – Definition, Process, Techniques, Applications

Gene silencing refers to the process of:
a) Activating gene expression
b) Replicating genes
c) Inactivating or reducing gene expression
d) Mutating genes
Answer: c) Inactivating or reducing gene expression

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Gene silencing can occur at the level of:
a) DNA transcription
b) RNA processing
c) Protein translation
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

Small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a molecule involved in:
a) Gene silencing
b) Gene activation
c) DNA replication
d) DNA repair
Answer: a) Gene silencing

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The RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) is responsible for:
a) DNA methylation
b) DNA repair
c) RNA degradation
d) Protein synthesis
Answer: c) RNA degradation

Which enzyme is involved in the production of small interfering RNA (siRNA)?
a) RNA polymerase
b) Reverse transcriptase
c) Dicer
d) DNA polymerase
Answer: c) Dicer

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The process of RNA interference (RNAi) involves:
a) Binding of siRNA to messenger RNA (mRNA)
b) Binding of siRNA to DNA
c) Binding of siRNA to proteins
d) Binding of siRNA to ribosomes
Answer: a) Binding of siRNA to messenger RNA (mRNA)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that:
a) Enhance gene expression
b) Inhibit gene expression
c) Encode proteins
d) Control DNA replication
Answer: b) Inhibit gene expression

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The process of epigenetic gene silencing involves:
a) Altering the DNA sequence
b) Modifying histone proteins
c) Translocating genes
d) Amplifying gene expression
Answer: b) Modifying histone proteins

DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that typically leads to:
a) Gene activation
b) Gene silencing
c) DNA replication
d) DNA repair
Answer: b) Gene silencing

In plants, gene silencing can be mediated by:
a) RNA interference (RNAi)
b) DNA methylation
c) Both RNA interference and DNA methylation
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Both RNA interference and DNA methylation

Gene silencing can be used as a research tool to:
a) Study gene function
b) Manipulate gene expression
c) Investigate disease mechanisms
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

RNA interference (RNAi) was first discovered in:
a) Humans
b) Plants
c) Bacteria
d) Nematodes
Answer: d) Nematodes

The phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) can be naturally observed as a defense mechanism against:
a) Viruses
b) Bacteria
c) Fungi
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

Gene silencing has therapeutic potential in treating diseases such as:
a) Cancer
b) Genetic disorders
c) Viral infections
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

The technique of RNA interference (RNAi) can be used to specifically silence:
a) Disease-causing genes
b) Normal genes
c) All genes in a cell
d) None of the above
Answer: a) Disease-causing genes

Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) is a modified form of RNA that can induce gene silencing by:
a) Inhibiting transcription
b) Inhibiting translation
c) Promoting DNA replication
d) Promoting gene amplification
Answer: b) Inhibiting translation

The gene silencing mechanism in plants mediated by small RNAs is called:
a) RNA interference (RNAi)
b) Small RNA silencing
c) Transcriptional silencing
d) Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS)
Answer: d) Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS)

The process of RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) involves:
a) Converting RNA to DNA
b) Methylation of RNA molecules
c) Methylation of DNA guided by small RNAs
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Methylation of DNA guided by small RNAs

Gene silencing in bacteria can be achieved through the use of:
a) CRISPR-Cas systems
b) Small RNA molecules
c) Histone modifications
d) All of the above
Answer: a) CRISPR-Cas systems

The study of gene silencing has provided insights into the regulation of gene expression and has implications in fields such as:
a) Developmental biology
b) Cancer research
c) Neurobiology
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

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