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MCQ on Nucleus

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The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains the cell’s genetic material, which is organized into chromosomes composed of DNA and associated proteins. The nucleus is responsible for storing, organizing, and replicating DNA, as well as controlling gene expression.

The structure of the nucleus consists of a double membrane-bound envelope that surrounds the genetic material. The inner membrane is lined with a network of intermediate filaments called the nuclear lamina, which provides structural support to the nucleus. The outer membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum and is studded with ribosomes. The space between the two membranes is called the perinuclear space and is continuous with the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.

The genetic material in the nucleus is organized into a complex of DNA, RNA, and proteins called chromatin. The basic unit of chromatin is the nucleosome, which consists of a length of DNA wrapped around a core of histone proteins. The chromatin is further organized into larger structures called chromosomes during cell division.

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The nucleus contains several substructures, including the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear matrix. The nucleolus is a dense region of the nucleus where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized and assembled into ribosomes. Nuclear pores are large protein complexes that regulate the transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nuclear matrix is a network of protein fibers that provides structural support to the nucleus and may play a role in gene expression.

Overall, the nucleus is a vital organelle that plays a central role in the storage, organization, and expression of genetic information in eukaryotic cells.

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Which of the following is the function of the nucleus?
A) Energy production
B) Waste removal
C) DNA storage and replication
D) Protein synthesis
Answer: C) DNA storage and replication

What is the structure of the nucleus?
A) Single membrane-bound organelle
B) Double membrane-bound organelle
C) Non-membrane-bound organelle
D) None of the above
Answer: B) Double membrane-bound organelle

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Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus?
A) DNA
B) RNA
C) Ribosomes
D) Chromosomes
Answer: C) Ribosomes

What is the function of the nucleolus?
A) Protein synthesis
B) DNA replication
C) RNA synthesis
D) Waste removal
Answer: C) RNA synthesis

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Which of the following is NOT a component of the nuclear envelope?
A) Nuclear pores
B) Nuclear lamina
C) Chromatin
D) Nuclear membrane
Answer: C) Chromatin

What is the function of the nuclear lamina?
A) Structural support
B) RNA synthesis
C) DNA replication
D) Protein synthesis
Answer: A) Structural support

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What is the process by which DNA is copied in the nucleus?
A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Replication
D) Mutagenesis
Answer: C) Replication

Which of the following is NOT a type of RNA synthesized in the nucleus?
A) Messenger RNA (mRNA)
B) Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
C) Transfer RNA (tRNA)
D) Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)
Answer: D) Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

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Which of the following is a feature of the nuclear pores?
A) They allow large molecules to pass through
B) They are closed at all times
C) They are absent in animal cells
D) They are located in the nucleolus
Answer: A) They allow large molecules to pass through

What is the function of histones in the nucleus?
A) Structural support
B) DNA replication
C) RNA synthesis
D) Protein synthesis
Answer: A) Structural support

Which of the following is a characteristic of the nucleosome?
A) It is composed of RNA and protein
B) It is the functional unit of DNA replication
C) It is a coiled structure of DNA and histones
D) It is the site of protein synthesis
Answer: C) It is a coiled structure of DNA and histones

What is the term for the condensed form of chromatin in the nucleus?
A) Chromosomes
B) Nucleosomes
C) Histones
D) Ribosomes
Answer: A) Chromosomes

Which of the following is the process by which information from DNA is used to synthesize proteins?
A) Transcription
B) Translation
C) Replication
D) Mutagenesis
Answer: B) Translation

Which of the following is NOT a type of chromatin in the nucleus?
A) Euchromatin
B) Heterochromatin
C) Centromeric chromatin
D) Telomeric chromatin
Answer: C) Centromeric chromatin

What is the function of the nuclear matrix in the nucleus?
A) Structural support
B) RNA synthesis
C) DNA replication
D) Protein synthesis
Answer: A) Structural support

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