Rhizopus is a genus of fungi in the order Mucorales. It is a common saprophyte found in soil, decaying vegetation, and animal feces. Some species of Rhizopus can also cause infections in humans, particularly those with weakened immune systems or uncontrolled diabetes. Rhizopus spp. are known for their ability to produce large quantities of organic acids, such as citric acid, which has led to their use in the production of various food and industrial products.
Which of the following is a common species of Rhizopus that causes mucormycosis in humans?
A. Rhizopus stolonifer
B. Rhizopus microsporus
C. Rhizopus oryzae
D. Rhizopus oligosporus
Answer: C. Rhizopus oryzae
Which of the following is the common name for Rhizopus oligosporus?
A. Tempeh mold
B. Black bread mold
C. Rice blast fungus
D. Grey mold
Answer: A. Tempeh mold
Rhizopus is commonly used in the fermentation of which food product?
A. Cheese
B. Beer
C. Bread
D. Soy sauce
Answer: D. Soy sauce
Which enzyme produced by Rhizopus is commonly used in the production of high-fructose corn syrup?
A. Amylase
B. Protease
C. Invertase
D. Glucoamylase
Answer: D. Glucoamylase
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Rhizopus spp?
A. Filamentous growth
B. Single-celled growth
C. Flagellated growth
D. Spore-forming growth
Answer: A. Filamentous growth
How does Rhizopus reproduce?
A. By binary fission
B. By budding
C. By spore formation
D. By conjugation
Answer: C. By spore formation
What type of infection does Rhizopus cause in humans?
A. Bacterial infection
B. Viral infection
C. Fungal infection
D. Parasitic infection
Answer: C. Fungal infection
What is the most common mode of transmission of Rhizopus infection in humans?
A. Inhalation of spores
B. Ingestion of contaminated food
C. Skin contact with infected animals
D. Sexual contact with infected persons
Answer: A. Inhalation of spores
What are the clinical manifestations of Rhizopus infection?
A. Skin lesions
B. Respiratory symptoms
C. Gastrointestinal symptoms
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Which of the following is a commonly used antifungal medication for the treatment of Rhizopus infection?
A. Amphotericin B
B. Penicillin
C. Ciprofloxacin
D. Metronidazole
Answer: A. Amphotericin B
How can Rhizopus infection be prevented?
A. Proper food handling and storage
B. Proper wound care
C. Proper hand hygiene
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
Which of the following is NOT an industrial use of Rhizopus?
A. Production of high-fructose corn syrup
B. Production of soy sauce
C. Production of tempeh
D. Production of antibiotics
Answer: D. Production of antibiotics
Which of the following is a commonly used culture medium for the growth of Rhizopus?
A. Sabouraud agar
B. Blood agar
C. MacConkey agar
D. Eosin methylene blue agar
Answer: A. Sabouraud agar
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Rhizopus spp on Sabouraud agar?
A. Pink colonies
B. Blue colonies
C. White colonies
D. Black colonies
Answer: D. Black colonies
Which of the following is a commonly used laboratory technique for the diagnosis of Rhizopus infection?
A. Blood culture
B. Gram staining
C. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
D. Fungal culture and microscopy
Answer: D. Fungal culture and microscopy
