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Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) – Characteristics, Structure, Mechanism, Functions

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)

What is Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)? Characteristics of Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) exhibit distinctive characteristics that define their functional roles in cellular processes and their significance in various physiological and pathological conditions. The following outlines key characteristics of RTKs: Structure of Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) Classes of Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) … Read more

Golgi Body (Golgi Complex) – Structure, Functions

Golgi Body (Golgi Complex) - Structure, Functions

What is Golgi Body (Golgi Complex)? Definition of Golgi Body (Golgi Complex) The Golgi body, also known as the Golgi complex or Golgi apparatus, is a membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. It functions primarily in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids, which are transported in vesicles to various destinations within … Read more

Cellular Junctions – Types and Functions

Cellular Junctions - Types and Functions

What is Cellular Junctions or Cell junction? Definition of Cellular Junctions or Cell junction Cellular junctions, or cell junctions, are specialized structures in eukaryotic cells that facilitate adhesion and communication between adjacent cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. These junctions are essential for maintaining the structural integrity of tissues and enable coordinated … Read more

Peroxisomes -Definition, Structure, Enzymes, and Functions

Peroxisome - Definition, Structure, Biogenesis, Enzymes, Functions

What are Peroxisomes? Peroxisomes, identified as membrane-bound cell organelles in eukaryotic cells, were first described by J. Rhodin in 1954 and subsequently recognized as cell organelles by Christian de Duve in 1967. These organelles, small vesicles containing digestive and oxidative enzymes, play a pivotal role in cellular metabolism. They are integral in converting hydrogen peroxide … Read more

cGMP Pathway – Definition, Steps, Functions, Regulation

cGMP Pathway – Definition, Steps, Functions, Regulation

The cGMP pathway, short for cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway, is a crucial signaling mechanism in cells. It involves the synthesis of cGMP from GTP (guanosine triphosphate) through the action of the enzyme guanylate cyclase. cGMP acts as a secondary messenger, similar to cyclic AMP (cAMP), and plays a vital role in various physiological processes. One … Read more

Centrioles – Definition, Structure, Functions

Centrioles and Basal Bodies - Definition, Structure, Functions

What are Centrioles? Definition of Centrioles Centrioles are cylindrical, microtubule-based structures found in most eukaryotic cells, playing a crucial role in cell division by aiding in the formation of the spindle apparatus and in cellular processes like the formation of cilia and flagella. They are typically composed of nine sets of microtubule triplets and lack … Read more

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) – Structure, Functions and Diagram

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - Definition, Structure, Functions and Diagram

What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum? Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Definition The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large, membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins and lipids. The ER is divided into two types: the rough ER, studded with ribosomes and involved in protein … Read more

Nucleus – Definition, Structure, Diagram, and Functions

Nucleus Definition, Structure, Diagram, and Functions

Cell biology describes the nucleus is the big organelle, with a membrane-bounded structure that holds the genetic material form of numerous linear DNA molecules arranged into chromosomes, which are the structures that make up the nucleus. In the field of cell biology, the nucleus’s function is to serve as the central point of control for the cells. This is due to the fact that it holds the genetic material that code for the essential functions of cells. 

Cell Wall – Definition, Structure, Composition, Functions

Cell Wall - Definition, Structure, Composition, Functions

What is a Cell Wall? Cell Wall Definition A cell wall is a rigid and protective outer layer found in plants, fungi, bacteria, and some protists, providing structural support and protection to the cell. Properties of Cell Wall The cell wall is a crucial component of many organisms, including plants, fungi, algae, and certain prokaryotes. … Read more

Daughter Cells – Definition, Formation, Importance, Examples

Daughter Cells - Definition, Formation, Importance, Examples

What are Daughter Cells? Definition of Daughter Cells Daughter cells are the cells resulting from the division of a single parent cell, either through the process of mitosis, where they inherit identical genetic material, or meiosis, where they receive half the genetic content. Characteristics of Daughter Cells Daughter cells are the end products of cellular … Read more

Prokaryotic Ribosomes – Definition, Subunits, Function

Prokaryotic Ribosomes - Definition, Subunits, Function

What is Prokaryotic Ribosomes? Definition of Prokaryotic Ribosomes Prokaryotic ribosomes are molecular complexes consisting of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins that facilitate protein synthesis within prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria and archaea. Ribosome Subunits Ribosomes, intricate molecular complexes responsible for protein synthesis, consist of two essential subunits in prokaryotic cells, collectively referred to as the … Read more

Diploid – Definition, Importance, Examples

Diploid - Definition, Importance, Examples

What is Diploid Cell? Definition of Diploid Cell A diploid cell is a cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent. Features of diploid cells Diploid cells are integral to the genetic architecture of many organisms. Here are the salient features of these cells: In essence, diploid cells play a … Read more

Embryology – Definition, Types, Importance

Embryology - Definition, Types, Importance

What is Embryology? Definition of Embryology Embryology is the scientific study of the formation, development, and growth of embryos and fetuses within organisms. History of Embryology The historical trajectory of embryology is a testament to humanity’s enduring quest to understand the origins and development of life. This journey, spanning diverse civilizations, offers a rich tapestry … Read more

Embryonic Stem Cells – Definition, Properties, Applications

Embryonic Stem Cells - Definition, Properties, Applications

What is Embryonic Stem Cell? Definition of Embryonic Stem Cell Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, an early-stage embryo, capable of differentiating into any cell type within an organism. History of Embryonic Stem Cell The history of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is marked by pioneering … Read more

Endosymbiosis – Definition, Theory, Evidence, Examples

Endosymbiosis - Definition, Theory, Evidence, Examples

What is Endosymbiosis? Definition of Endosymbiosis Endosymbiosis is a form of symbiosis in which one organism (the endosymbiont) lives inside the cells or body of another organism (the host), often resulting in mutual benefits for both entities. Endosymbiotic Theory The Endosymbiotic Theory offers a comprehensive explanation for the evolutionary transition from prokaryotic to eukaryotic cells. … Read more

Eukaryotic Cell – Definition, Structure, Functions, Examples

Eukaryotic Cell - Definition, Structure, Functions, Examples

What is Eukaryotic Cell? Definition of Eukaryotic Cell A eukaryotic cell is a type of cell characterized by a membrane-bound nucleus and the presence of various organelles within its cytoplasm, distinguishing it from prokaryotic cells which lack a true nucleus. Eukaryotic cells are found in organisms such as plants, animals, fungi, and many unicellular entities. … Read more

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