1. Julius Wagner-Jauregg
- Julius Wagner-Jauregg was born on 7 March 1857.
- He was an Austrian physician.
- In 1927 he won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- His other name is Julius Wagner.
- He died at the age of 83 on 27 September 1940.
Contribution
- He discovered the malariotherapy, in which he used malaria parasites for treatment of dementia paralytica disease.
- He developed secondary sexual characteristics and diminished psychosis with the administration of thyroid and ovarian preparations to young psychotic patients.
2. Charles Nicolle
- The full name of Charles Nicolle is Charles Jules Henry Nicolle.
- He was born on 21 September 1866 in Rouen, France.
- He was a French bacteriologist.
- He received the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his contribution.
- He died at the age of 69 on 28 February 1936.
Contribution
- Charles Nicolle discovered the transmission processes of typhus fever. He discovered that that typhus is transmitted by body lice, for this he received The Nobel Prize.
- Introduction of a vaccination for Malta fever.
- Discovered the transmission method of tick fever.
- Identify the Toxoplasma gondii , which was found in tissues of the gundi.
3. Gerhard Domagk
- The full name of Gerhard Domagk is Gerhard Johannes Paul Domagk.
- He was born on 30 October 1895 in Lagow, Brandenburg
- He was a German pathologist and bacteriologist.
- He received a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
- He died at the age of 68 on 24 April 1964.
Contribution
- He discovered the Sulfonamidochrysoidine (KI-730), which was the first commercially available antibiotic. The brand name was Prontosil.
4. Howard Florey
- The full name of Howard Florey is Howard Walter Florey.
- He was born on 24 September 1898 in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- He was a Australian pharmacologist and pathologist.
- He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Sir Ernst Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the development of penicillin.
- He died at the age of 69 on 21 February 1968.
Contribution
- He carried out the first ever clinical trials of penicillin in 1941, his first patient was a police constable from Oxford.
- He discovered the properties of penicillin.
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5. Ernst Chain
- The full name of Ernst Chain is Sir Ernst Boris Chain.
- He was born on 19 June 1906 in Berlin, Germany.
- He was a German pathologist and bacteriologist.
- He received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.
- He died at the age of 73 on 12 August 1979.
Contribution
- Chain and Florey discovered the chemical composition and therapeutic action of penicillin.
- They also discovered how to isolate and concentrate the germ-killing agent in penicillin.
6. Selman Waksman
- The full name of Selman Waksman is Selman Abraham Waksman.
- He was born on July 22, 1888 in Nova Pryluka, Kiev Governorate, Russian Empire.
- He was a Ukrainian-born Jewish-American inventor, biochemist and microbiologist.
- In 1952, He received a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for “ingenious, systematic and successful studies of the soil microbes that led to the discovery of streptomycin.”
- He died at the age of 85 on August 16, 1973.
Contribution
- He discovered streptomycin and other antibiotics.
7. Max Theiler
- He was a South African-American virologist and physician.
- He was born on 30 January 1899 in Pretoria, South African Republic.
- He was the first African-born Nobel laureate.
- He died at the age of 73 on 11 August 1972.
- In 1951, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contributions.
Contribution
- Max Theiler developed a vaccine against yellow fever, for this he also received The Nobel Prize in 1951.
Reference
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg
- MLA style: Charles Nicolle – Biographical. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Media AB 2020. Mon. 27 Jul 2020. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1928/nicolle/biographical/>
- https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1945/florey/biographical/
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selman_Waksman#Streptomycin
- https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1945/chain/biographical/
Contribution of Microbiologist: Selman Waksman, Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Charles Nicolle, Gerhard Domagk, Howard Florey, Ernst Chain, Max Theiler.
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