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Mutations that improve the survival and reproduction of organisms, and thus contribute to the evolution of species, arise rapidly in prokaryotes due to their:

- rapid rate of cell division.

- absence of a nucleus.

- anaerobic metabolism.

- cell wall composition.

- sexual reproduction.

1 Answer

The correct answer is: "rapid rate of cell division."

Mutations that improve the survival and reproduction of organisms are a significant driving force for evolution. Prokaryotes, which include bacteria and archaea, have a rapid rate of cell division compared to eukaryotes. This rapid rate of cell division allows for a higher frequency of replication and subsequent opportunities for genetic mutations to occur. With each round of cell division, there is a chance for genetic variation to arise through mutations, which can then be subject to natural selection. Prokaryotes' ability to divide quickly and generate large populations increases the likelihood of beneficial mutations appearing and spreading throughout the population, contributing to the evolutionary process. The absence of a nucleus, anaerobic metabolism, cell wall composition, and sexual reproduction are not directly associated with the rapid generation of mutations in prokaryotes.
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