Question

An individual presents with a pinkish-red rash and a red sore throat. Gram-positive cocci are cultured from a throat swab. The cocci are growing in chains. Which of the following is the most likely conclusion?

a) The patient has scarlet fever.

b) The patient has otitis media.

c) The patient has epiglottitis.

d) The patient has diphtheria.

Answer 1

Based on the presented symptoms and culture results, the most likely conclusion is that the individual has a bacterial infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.

Streptococcus pyogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium that is commonly associated with infections of the upper respiratory tract, including strep throat. The presence of a red sore throat and pinkish-red rash is consistent with the symptoms of a streptococcal infection.

Additionally, the fact that the cocci are growing in chains is a characteristic of Streptococcus species. Streptococcus pyogenes is known for forming chains of cocci when grown in culture, which is different from the grape-like clusters of Staphylococcus species.

Therefore, based on the symptoms and culture results, it is most likely that the individual has a streptococcal infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to clear the infection and manage symptoms.