(i) OKT-3 is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the CD3 receptor on T cells, which are responsible for initiating the immune response. By binding to the CD3 receptor, OKT-3 prevents the activation of T cells and thus prevents graft rejection following kidney transplantation.
(ii) Kappa casein is a milk protein that plays an important role in the formation of micelles, which are small aggregates of proteins and other molecules that help to stabilize milk. Kappa casein binds to calcium ions and other milk proteins to form the micelles, which prevent the proteins from aggregating and separating out of the milk.
(iii) Whey protein contains glutathione, which is an antioxidant that helps to detoxify xenobiotics, or foreign substances, that enter the body. Glutathione is produced by the body and is found in many foods, including whey protein.
(iv) Curd contains live bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which are known as probiotics. These bacteria help to restore the natural balance of bacteria in the gut and can improve digestion and overall health.
(v) Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are important for muscle protein synthesis, and taking a BCAA-enriched food before and after exercise can help to improve muscle growth and recovery. BCAAs are particularly important for athletes and bodybuilders who engage in intense exercise and require more protein for muscle repair and growth.
