Blood Cross Matching – Principle, Procedure, Result.
Cross Match is a laboratory test, performed prior to a blood transfusion to determine whether donor blood is compatible (or incompatible) with recipient blood.
procedure
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Reverse Blood Grouping Principle, Procedure, Result
Reverse grouping is defined as using the reagent cells with known ABO antigens and testing the patient’s serum for ABO group antibodies.
Reverse CAMP test Principle, Procedure, Result
In this method, the Group B Streptococcus (CAMP test positive) is streaked in the center of sheep blood agar, and Clostridium perfringens is streaked perpendicular to it.
CAMP Test Principle, Procedure, Result
CAMP Test was first discovered by four researchers Christie, Atkins, Munch, and Peterson in 1944, that’s why this test is also known as Christie–Atkins–Munch-Peterson test.
Restriction Digest Protocol, Principle, result
The restriction enzymes cleave the DNA molecule at a specific site or specific nucleotide sequence, is known as recognition sequences or Restriction sites.
Serial Dilution Method – Definition, Procedure, Application
What is a serial dilution? Advertisements Also Read: MCQ on Serial Dilution Serial dilution definition Serial dilution is a methodical process in which a solution is diluted sequentially to produce a series of progressively reduced concentrations. What is the purpose of serial dilution? – Serial Dilution Objectives Serial dilution serves as a foundational procedure in … Read more
Pour Plate Method Principle, Procedure, Objective, Result, Advantages
Advertisements The pour Plate Method technique was created in the laboratory by Robert Koch and is still widely used in the laboratory since his time. This technique is appropriate for Microaerophilic, facultative, or anaerobic microorganisms. It is straightforward to use, requires fewer resources, and is simple and cost-effective. However, it requires the specimen to be … Read more
Spread Plate Method: Procedure, Principle, Purpose, Result.
Spread Plate Method in microbiology Advertisements The spread plate method is used to isolate individual colonies from a diluted sample of mix population. Different methods have been developed for the isolation of microorganisms from a mixture sample but among them Spread plate culture method is the most widely used technique in laboratory. An ideal spread … Read more
Streak Plate Method: Patterns, Procedure, Principle
Streak Plate Method Overview Advertisements There are two types of microbial culture such as mixed culture and pure culture. The mixed culture contains two or more species while the pure culture contains only a single species. During the identification of a microorganism, the first and important step is to isolate the individual species from a … Read more
Nuclear Staining by Giemsa stain: Procedure, Principle, Result
Advertisements Bacterial cells contain nuclear material, made of single-stranded circular DNA, in contrast to eukaryotes. This genetic material is present within the membrane-bounded structure known as the nucleus. In case of prokaryotes the nuclear material is present within the nucleoid which lacks the nuclear membrane and does not follow the mitosis or miosis cell division. … Read more
Cell Membrane Staining Procedure, Principle, Result
Advertisements The cell membrane is a biological membrane which also termed a plasma membrane (PM) or cytoplasmic membrane. It divides the interior of the cell from the outside environment, thus protects the cell from environmental stress. The cell membrane is a lipid bilayer, contains cholesterols between phospholipids which maintain their fluidity at various temperatures. The … Read more
Collagen Hybridizing Peptide Staining
Collagen Hybridizing Peptide stain is a vital stain used for the detection of collagen degraded tissues, mainly used in Developmental Biology, Histology, and Histopathology.
Iron-Hematoxylin Stain Principle, Procedure, Result
Hematoxylin is extracted from a leguminous plant, known as Haematoxylon campechianum, thus it is a natural dye. It forms hematein by oxidation (Ripening).
Acridine Orange Staining
Acridine Orange contains metachromatic properties, that’s why it is employed in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry study of cellular physiology and cell cycle state, including the fluorescent microscopic examination of microorganisms.
Parasporal Crystal Stain Principle, Procedure, Result
Production of parasporal crystals is a unique ability (among Bacillus species) of Bacillus thuringiensis. This stain is a means of rapid identification of the species.
Capsule Staining Procedure, Principle, Result
Capsule staining is a differential staining method, where two different stains are used such as the primary stain and the counterstain.
Simmons citrate agar test – Procedure, Principle, Result, Example.
About Simmons citrate agar test Advertisements Simmons citrate agar test helps in detection of citrate utilizing bacteria. In this test, a specific medium is used called Simmons’ citrate agar which helps to differentiate among various Gram-negative enteric bacilli. Simmons’ citrate agar is a type of selective and differential medium. Which is used for the study … Read more
