What are replicated chromosomes called?

What are replicated chromosomes called?

Replicated chromosomes are called sister chromatids. During the process of DNA replication, the double helix structure of the DNA molecule is unwound and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand. The resulting structure consists of two identical copies of the chromosome, known as sister chromatids, which are held together at a point called the centromere.

During mitosis, the sister chromatids separate and are distributed to opposite poles of the cell, forming two identical daughter cells. In meiosis, the sister chromatids separate and are distributed to four daughter cells, resulting in the production of genetically diverse gametes or spores.

It is important to note that sister chromatids are not the same as homologous chromosomes, which are pairs of chromosomes that contain genetic information inherited from both parents. Homologous chromosomes are present in diploid cells (cells with two copies of each chromosome) and are distinguished from one another by their specific genetic characteristics. Sister chromatids, on the other hand, are identical copies of a single chromosome that are produced during DNA replication.