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Biological Clocks – Circadian rhythms, Tidal rhythms, Lunar rhythms, Jet lag, Entrainment

Biological Clocks

What is Biological Clocks? Types of biological clocks There are several types of biological clocks found in living organisms. Here are some of the major types: It’s important to note that different organisms may have different types of biological clocks or variations of these clocks based on their specific ecological and physiological requirements. The study … Read more

Sexual Behaviour – Definition, Types, Factors

Sexual Behaviour - Definition, Types, Factors

What is Sexual Behaviour? Factors Affecting Sexual Behaviors Sexual behavior in organisms, including humans, is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors can be broadly categorized into biological, environmental, psychological, and social influences. Here are some key factors that can affect sexual behaviors: It is important to note that these factors interact and vary … Read more

Altruism among Animals – Definition and Evolution

Altruism among Animals - Definition and Evolution

What is Altruism? Evolution of Altruism The evolution of altruism has been a subject of fascination for socio-biologists, as seemingly selfless behavior can be observed in various animals, including humans. Over the past two decades, researchers have put forth three explanations to shed light on the evolution of altruistic behavior. The first explanation revolves around … Read more

Honey bee – Definition, Types, Behaviour

Honey bee - Definition, Types, Behaviour

What is Honey bee? Types of Honey bee There are several different types or species of honey bees. The most well-known and widely recognized species is the Western honey bee (Apis mellifera), which is native to Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. However, there are other species of honey bees as well. Here are a … Read more

Learning Behaviour – Definition, Types, Examples

Learning Behaviour - Definition, Types, Examples

What is Learning Behaviour? Learning by Animals Learning in animals is a fascinating subject that has captivated the attention of animal behaviorists. Understanding how animals learn and the mechanisms involved has been a topic of extensive research. Heyes (1994) has identified three commonly recognized types of experiences that can result in learning. The first type … Read more

Orientation Patterns of Behaviour

Orientation Patterns of Behaviour

What is Orientation? In animal behavior, orientation refers to the ability of an animal to determine and maintain a specific direction or position in relation to its environment. It involves the animal’s ability to perceive and respond to various stimuli, such as light, gravity, magnetic fields, landmarks, and chemical cues, in order to navigate and … Read more

Mechanisms of Behaviour

Mechanisms of Behaviour

What is Animal Behaviour? Mechanisms of Behaviour Mechanisms of behavior play a crucial role in understanding how animals respond to their environment. Here are some key mechanisms: Understanding these mechanisms helps researchers unravel the intricate ways in which behavior is shaped and regulated in animals. By studying innate behaviors, instincts, stimulus filtering, sign stimuli, and … Read more

Ethology (Animal Behaviour) Introduction, History

Ethology (Animal Behaviour) Introduction, History

What is Ethology? Definition of Ethology Ethology is the scientific study of animal behavior in natural conditions, focusing on understanding behavior as an evolutionary adaptation. History of Ethology The history of ethology is a fascinating journey that has shaped our understanding of animal behavior and its evolutionary roots. Charles Darwin, renowned for his groundbreaking work … Read more

Agrochemical – Definition, Types, Mechanism, Measurement

Agrochemical - Definition, Types, Mechanism, Measurement

What is Agrochemical? Types of Agrochemicals Agrochemicals play a significant role in modern agriculture and animal husbandry practices. Let’s explore the different types and uses of agrochemicals: While agrochemicals have contributed to increased crop yields and improved agricultural practices, their use can also have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, it is … Read more

Integrated Pest Management – Cultural, biological, chemical, genetic control

Integrated Pest Management - Cultural, biological, chemical, genetic control

What is Integrated Pest Management? Integrated Pest Management Approach The concept of integrated pest management (IPM) emerged as a response to the limitations of relying solely on chemical pesticides for pest control. The excessive use of pesticides led to the development of resistant pest populations, necessitating a more comprehensive approach. IPM takes into account all … Read more

Study of biting and chewing, and piercing and sucking type of mouth parts

Study of biting and chewing, and piercing and sucking type of mouth parts

Biting and Chewing Chewing and Lapping Piercing and Sucking The piercing and sucking mouth parts found in various insects, such as mosquitoes and bugs, are highly adapted for piercing the tissues of animals and plants to extract blood or plant juices. These mouth parts are specialized for their specific feeding habits and can be categorized … Read more

Origin and Evolution of Man

Origin and Evolution of Man

Origin and Evolution of Man Features of Man The evolution of humans has brought about several distinctive features that set them apart from other primates. These progressive features have contributed to the unique characteristics and capabilities of human beings. Let’s explore these features in more detail: One of the most remarkable features distinguishing humans from … Read more

Extinction – Background extinction, Mass extinction

Extinction - Background extinction, Mass extinction

What is Extinction? What is Background extinction? Factors Involved in Background Extinction Background extinction, the natural rate of species loss throughout Earth’s history, is influenced by various factors that shape the delicate balance of ecosystems. While not as sensational as mass extinctions, background extinction occurs gradually as species struggle to adapt to environmental changes. Understanding … Read more

Macroevolution – Definition, Principle, Process, Features, Examples

Macroevolution - Definition, Principle, Process, Features, Examples

What is Macroevolution? Definition of Macroevolution Macroevolution refers to the large-scale evolutionary changes that occur above the level of species, involving the emergence of new taxa (genera, families, orders, etc.) and the diversification of life forms over long periods of time. It encompasses the study of patterns and processes that shape the biodiversity and relationships … Read more

Concept of Species – Definition, Types, Importance, Modes of speciation

Concept of Species

The concept of species has been a subject of ongoing debate and controversy among taxonomists and biologists. The task of defining and recognizing species is crucial for understanding the diversity and organization of life on Earth. Over time, various species concepts have been proposed to tackle this challenge, each with its own merits and limitations. … Read more

Gene frequencies – Definition, Calculation, Importance

Gene frequencies - Definition, Calculation, Importance

What is Gene frequencies? Gene frequencies, also known as allele frequencies, refer to the relative proportions of different alleles at a particular locus or gene within a population. They represent the prevalence or abundance of specific alleles in relation to the total number of alleles in the gene pool. Gene frequencies are typically expressed as … Read more

Gene Pool – Definition, Types, Working, Importance, Evolution, Examples

Gene Pool - Definition, Types, Working, Importance, Evolution, Examples

What is Gene Pool? Definition of Gene Pool The gene pool refers to the total collection of genes and alleles present within a population of a particular species. How Gene Pools works? Factors Affecting Gene Pool Several factors can influence the composition and dynamics of a gene pool. These factors include: These factors interact and can … Read more

Processes of Evolutionary Change

Processes of Evolutionary Change

What is Evolution? Evolution refers to the process of change and development that occurs in living organisms over successive generations. It is the central concept in biology that explains the diversity of life on Earth and how species have come to exist in their present forms. Evolutionary theory explains how species evolve through the gradual … Read more

Fossils – Definition, Types, Formation, Dating, Examples

Fossils - Definition, Types, Formation, Dating, Examples

What is Fossils? Definition of Fossils Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms that provide evidence of past life on Earth. Types of Fossils Fossils come in various forms, providing valuable insights into the past life on Earth. Here are some of the different types of fossils: Furthermore, fossils can be classified … Read more

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