Biochemical Test and Identification
- Biochemical tests are the kinds of tests that are done on different bacteria to figure out what kind of bacteria they are based on how they react to different biochemical compounds.
- Biochemical tests, which are usually done with phenotypic identification, are one of the traditional ways to figure out what kind of microorganism it is.
- These methods were widely used for a long time, and they are still used today, especially in some lab procedures where a certain type of microorganism needs to be identified quickly.
- Several biochemical tests are based on the ability of microorganisms to use certain biomolecules to make organic compounds that they can use.
- There are different kinds of biochemical tests, and different ways to tell the difference between different microorganisms.
- One of the older methods is to look for an increase in turbidity in the liquid medium. This shows that the organism is growing and getting the nutrients it needs.
- In other tests, on the other hand, the results are based on how the colour of the medium changes as its pH changes.
- Microorganisms can be put into different groups based on how they respond to these kinds of tests. Some tests can even tell the difference between different species of microorganisms.
- Because of this, biochemical tests are important because they are cheap and easy to do.
- The way bacteria and other microorganisms work is different from one another, which makes it possible to tell them apart.
- Biochemical tests, on the other hand, have some flaws. Even though these methods are cheap and can give both quantitative and qualitative information about the variety of microorganisms in a sample, they are difficult to use and take a long time to see results.
- Sometimes, false positives are found, especially when similar microbial species are being tested.
- Catalase Test.
- Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)
- Blood Agar Plates (BAP)
- Streak-stab technique.
- Taxos P (optochin sensitivity testing)
- Taxos A (bacitracin sensitivity testing)
- CAMP Test.
- Bile Esculin Agar.
| Biochemical Tests of Streptococcus mutans | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Capsulated |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Alfa Hemolysis |
| Motility | Non-motile |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Spore | Non-sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arbutin | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Raffinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Hyalurodinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Neuraminidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Salmonella Typhi | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility Test: | Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| MUG Test | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rod |
| Spore Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) Test: | Alkali/Acid |
| Urease Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Mucate Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine Test: | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Peroxidase Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis Test: | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Staphylococcus aureus | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Coagulase | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve)- Beta |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Mostly Positive (+ve) |
| PYR | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetoin Production | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Hyalurodinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical tests of Bacillus subtilis | Result |
|---|---|
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Variable |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Positive (+ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Variable |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Positive (+ve) |
| Inulin | Variable |
| Lactose | Variable |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Raffinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lecithinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Characteristics | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|---|---|
| Gram Staining | Negative |
| Shape (Cocci/Diplococci/Rods) | Rods |
| Motility (Motile / Non-Motile) | Motile (Unipolar) |
| Capsule (Capsulated/Non-Capsulated) | Non-Capsulated |
| Spore (Sporing/Non-Sporing) | Non-Sporing |
| Flagella (Flagellated/Non-Flagellated) | Single Flagella |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| MR | Negative (-ve) |
| VP | Negative (-ve) |
| OF (Oxidative/Fermentative) | Oxidative |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Positive (+ve)- From Nitrate |
| PYR | – |
| CAMP | – |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Niacin | – |
| Coagulase | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis (Alfa/Beta/Gamma) | – |
| Nagler | – |
| String Test | – |
| Pigment | Positive (+ve) |
| Bile Solubility | – |
| Cetrimide Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | – |
| DNase | – |
| Fructose | – |
| Glucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | – |
| Inositol | – |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | – |
| MyoInositol | – |
| Raffinose | – |
| Ribose | – |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | – |
| Acetoin Production | – |
| Acid Phosphatase | – |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | – |
| Amidase | – |
| Arginine dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arylsulphatase | – |
| Beta Lactamase | – |
| Hyalurodinase | – |
| Lecithinase | – |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| Neuraminidase | – |
| ONPG Test | – |
| Ornithine decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine deaminase | – |
| Perooxidase | – |
| Tellurite | – |
| Tributyrin | – |
| Characteristics | E. coli |
|---|---|
| Gram Staining | Negative |
| Shape (Cocci/Diplococci/Rods) | Rods |
| Motility (Motile / Non-Motile) | Motile |
| Capsule (Capsulated/Non-Capsulated) | Variable |
| Spore (Sporing/Non-Sporing) | Non-Sporing |
| Flagella (Flagellated/Non-Flagellated) | Flagellated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| MR | Positive (+ve) |
| VP | Negative (-ve) |
| OF (Oxidative/Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Indole | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| PYR | – |
| CAMP | – |
| Gelatin | Negative (-ve) |
| Niacin | – |
| Coagulase | – |
| Hemolysis (Alfa/Beta/Gamma) | Some Strains shows Hemolysis |
| Nagler | – |
| String Test | – |
| Pigment | – |
| Bile Solubility | – |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | – |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Hippurate | – |
| Inositol | Negative (+ve) |
| Inulin | – |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | – |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | – |
| MyoInositol | – |
| Raffinose | – |
| Ribose | – |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Variable |
| Acetate Utilization | Positive (+ve) |
| Acid Phosphatase | – |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | – |
| Amidase | – |
| Arginine dehydrolase | Variable |
| Arylsulphatase | – |
| Beta Lactamase | – |
| Hyalurodinase | – |
| Lecithinase | – |
| Lipase | – |
| Lysine | Positive (+ve) |
| Neuraminidase | – |
| ONPG Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine decarboxylase | Variable |
| Phenylalanine deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Perooxidase | – |
| Tellurite | – |
| Tributyrin | – |
| Differential Antibiotic | |
| Novobiocin | – |
| Bacitracin | – |
| Optochin | – |
| Streptomysin | – |
| Biochemical Tests of Proteus mirabilis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas from Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Variable |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Negative (-ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylases | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pectate Degradation | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Positive (+ve) |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Proteus mirabilis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas from Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Variable |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Negative (-ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylases | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pectate Degradation | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Positive (+ve) |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests | Results |
|---|---|
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Variable |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Variable |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Variable |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Variable |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Variable |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Variable |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lecithinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Serratia marcescens | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas | Variable |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative Anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Variable |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Variable |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Fumarate | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Tartrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Variable |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tween 80 hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Biochemical Tests of Yersinia pestis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Non-Flagellated |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Non-Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Variable |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Variable |
| Sorbitol | Variable |
| Sorbose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Negative (-ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Staphylococcus epidermidis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Mostly Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Coagulase | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Variable |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Variable |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetoin Production | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Hyalurodinase | Variable |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Variable |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Neisseria gonorrhoeae | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Diplococci |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tributyrin | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Enterobacter cloacae | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas from glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative Anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| D-Arabitol | Variable |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Meso-Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Variable |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| D-Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| D-Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mucate | Positive (+ve) |
| MyoInositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| D-Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Tartrate | Variable |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Positive (+ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Arginine decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylases | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pectate degradation | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Clostridium difficile | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Capsulated |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Motile |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Anaerobic |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Positive (+ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Variable |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lecithinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Citrobacter freundii | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas from glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative Anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Variable |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glutamate | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactulose | Positive (+ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltitole | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mucate | Positive (+ve) |
| MyoInositol | Positive (+ve) |
| Palatinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbose | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Tartrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Positive (+ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Variable |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tryptophan deaminase | Variable |
| Tyrosine hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Vibrio cholerae | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| Citrate | +ve |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Gas | -ve |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | +ve |
| Gram Staining | -ve |
| H2S | -ve |
| Hemolysis | Beta Hemolysis |
| Indole | +ve |
| Motility | Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | -ve |
| Nitrate Reduction | +ve |
| Oxidase | +ve |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| String Test | +ve |
| Urease | -ve |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Variable |
| Adonitol | -ve |
| Arabinose | -ve |
| Arabitol | -ve |
| Cellobiose | -ve |
| DNase | +ve |
| Dulcitol | -ve |
| Erythritol | -ve |
| Galactose | +ve |
| Glucose | +ve |
| Glycerol | -ve |
| Inositol | -ve |
| Lactose | Variable |
| Maltose | +ve |
| Mannitol | +ve |
| Mannose | +ve |
| Melibiose | -ve |
| Mucate | -ve |
| MyoInositol | -ve |
| Raffinose | -ve |
| Rhamnose | -ve |
| Salicin | -ve |
| Sorbitol | -ve |
| Sucrose | +ve |
| Tartrate | +ve |
| Trehalose | +ve |
| Xylose | -ve |
| Acetate Utilization | +ve |
| Arbutin | -ve |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | -ve |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | -ve |
| Lipase | +ve |
| Lysine | +ve |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | +ve |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | +ve |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | -ve |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | -ve |
| Characteristics | Enterococcus faecalis |
|---|---|
| Gram Staining | Positive |
| Shape (Cocci/Diplococci/Rods) | Cocci |
| Motility (Motile / Non-Motile) | Non-Motile |
| Capsule (Capsulated/Non-Capsulated) | – |
| Spore (Sporing/Non-Sporing) | Non-Sporing |
| Flagella (Flagellated/Non-Flagellated) | – |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| MR | – |
| VP | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative/Fermentative) | – |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | – |
| PYR | Positive (+ve) |
| CAMP | – |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Niacin | – |
| Coagulase | – |
| Hemolysis (Alfa/Beta/Gamma) | Variable (Alfa or Beta) |
| Nagler | – |
| String Test | – |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Bile Solubility | – |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | – |
| Fructose | Positive (D-Fructose) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Hippurate | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | – |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (D-Mannose) |
| MyoInositol | – |
| Raffinose | Negative (D-Raffinose) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | – |
| Acetoin Production | – |
| Acid Phosphatase | – |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Variable |
| Amidase | – |
| Arginine dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arylsulphatase | – |
| Beta Lactamase | – |
| Hyalurodinase | – |
| Lecithinase | – |
| Lipase | – |
| Lysine | – |
| Neuraminidase | – |
| ONPG Test | – |
| Ornithine decarboxylase | – |
| Phenylalanine deaminase | – |
| Perooxidase | – |
| Tellurite | – |
| Tributyrin | – |
| Biochemical Tests of Streptococcus pyogenes | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | Negative (-ve) |
| Capsule | Capsulated |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Beta Hemolytic |
| Motility | Non-Motile |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative Anaerobes |
| PYR | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| 6.5% NaCl Growth | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Variable |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Variable |
| Glycogen | Variable |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetoin Production | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Hyalurodinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Neuraminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Shigella flexneri | Results |
|---|---|
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Variable |
| Motility | Non-Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Variable |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Variable |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Variable |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate | Variable |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Negative (-ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Streptococcus agalactiae | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | Positive (+ve) |
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Coagulase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Non-flagellated |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Beta Hemolysis |
| Motility | Non-motile |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| PYR | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Spore | Non-sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Variable |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arbutin | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Variable |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Positive (+ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Variable |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Variable |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Characteristics | Klebsiella pneumoniae |
|---|---|
| Capsule | +ve |
| Catalase | +ve |
| Citrate | +ve |
| Flagella | -ve |
| Gas | +ve |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | -ve |
| Gram Staining | -ve |
| Growth in KCN | +ve |
| H2S | -ve |
| Indole | -ve |
| Motility | -ve |
| MR (Methyl Red) | -ve |
| MUG Test | +ve |
| Nitrate Reduction | +ve |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | -ve |
| Pigment | -ve |
| Shape | Rod |
| Spore | -ve |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) | A/A |
| Urease | +ve |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | +ve |
| Adonitol | +ve |
| Arabinose | +ve |
| Arabitol | +ve |
| Cellobiose | +ve |
| DNase | -ve |
| Erythritol | -ve |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | +ve |
| Glucose | +ve |
| Glycerol | +ve |
| Inositol | +ve |
| Lactose | +ve |
| Maltose | +ve |
| Mannitol | +ve |
| Mannose | +ve |
| Melibiose | +ve |
| Mucate | +ve |
| MyoInositol | +ve |
| Raffinose | +ve |
| Rhamnose | +ve |
| Salicin | +ve |
| Sorbitol | +ve |
| Sucrose | +ve |
| Tartrate | +ve |
| Trehalose | +ve |
| Xylose | +ve |
| Acetoin Production | Variable |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | -ve |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | +ve |
| Lipase | -ve |
| Lysine | +ve |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | +ve |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | -ve |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | -ve |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | -ve |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | -ve |
| Biochemical Tests of Streptococcus canis | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arbutin | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Hyalurodinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Streptococcus pneumoniae | Results |
|---|---|
| Bile Solubility | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Alfa Hemolysis |
| Motility | Non-motile |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Diplococci |
| Spore | Non-sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arbutin | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Positive (+ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Raffinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Variable |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Variable |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Hyalurodinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Neuraminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Bacillus anthracis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Positive (+ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Variable |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycogen | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lecithinase | Variable |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Clostridium tetani | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Peritrichous |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-stain-positive, but become Gram-stain-negative after approximately 24 h incubation. |
| Growth in 20% Bile | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in 6.5% NaCl | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Variable |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Large rods (0.5-1.7 x 2.1-18.1 µm), which may appear single, in pairs or in short chains. |
| Spore | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lecithinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Neuraminidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Superoxide dismutase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Aeromonas hydrophila | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | -ve |
| Catalase | +ve |
| Citrate | +ve |
| Flagella | +ve |
| Gas | +ve |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | +ve |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| H2S | +ve |
| Hemolysis | +ve |
| Indole | +ve |
| Maximum Growth Temperature | 41°C |
| Motility | +ve |
| Nitrate Reduction | +ve |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | +ve |
| Oxygen Requirement | Facultative Anaerobe |
| Shape | Rod |
| Spore | -ve |
| String Test | -ve |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) | Alkali/Acid |
| Urease | -ve |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | +ve |
| Arabinose | Variable |
| Arabitol | -ve |
| DNase | +ve |
| Dulcitol | -ve |
| Erythritol | -ve |
| Glucose | +ve |
| Gluconate | Variable |
| Lactose | Variable |
| Mannitol | +ve |
| Mucate | -ve |
| Rhamnose | -ve |
| Sorbitol | -ve |
| Sucrose | +ve |
| Trehalose | +ve |
| Xylose | -ve |
| Arbutin | +ve |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | +ve |
| Elastase | +ve |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | +ve |
| Lysine Decarboxylase | +ve |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | -ve |
| Pectinase | +ve |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | -ve |
| Pyrazinamidase | +ve |
| Biochemical Tests of Acinetobacter baumannii | Results |
|---|---|
| Bile Solubility | Negative (-ve) |
| Capsule | Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Coagulase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Non-Flagellated |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Non-Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Non- Fermentative (Oxidative) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Coccobacillus |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactate | Variable (+/-) |
| Lactose | Mostly Negative (-ve), Some Positive (+ve) |
| Malonate | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Variable (+/-) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Azelate | Positive (+ve) |
| Beta Lactamase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Histamine | Negative (-ve) |
| Histidine | Positive (+ve) |
| Leucine | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine | Variable (+/-) |
| Malate | Positive (+ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Positive (+ve) |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Fusobacterium necrophorum | Results |
|---|---|
| Bile Growth | Variable |
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative bacteria |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) (alpha- and beta-hemolysis may be observed) |
| Indole | Positive (+ve) |
| Methylene Blue Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Pleomorphic rod ranging from small, almost coccoid bodies to filaments, with parallel sides and blunt or tapering ends. |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Variable |
| Glucose | Variable |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| N-Acetyl-glucosaminidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Acid Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Beta-Lactamase | Positive (+ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| β -Glucosidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lecithinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tryptophanase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Haemophilus aegyptius | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | .Gram-negative |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrite Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Long slender rods |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| V-factor requirement | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Fucosidase | Negative (-ve) |
| IgA1 protease | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Neuraminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Burkholderia cepacia | Results |
|---|---|
| Bacteriocin | Positive (+ve) |
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Gram Staining | Gram-stain-negative |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive(+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Variable |
| Pigment | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Straight or curved rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Amygdalin | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Arbutin | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Variable |
| Dulcitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucosamine | Positive (+ve) |
| 2-Ketogluconate | Positive (+ve) |
| 5-Ketogluconate | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Variable |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Mucate | Positive (+ve) |
| N-Acetylglucosamine | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Rhamnose | Variable |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Variable |
| Tagatose | Positive (+ve) |
| Tartrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Variable |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Beta Lactamase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Variable |
| Phospholipase C | Positive (+ve) |
| Protease | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Klebsiella granulomatis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Non-motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Pleomorphic rods (coccobacillus) with rounded ends. Occur singly or in clusters |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Malonate | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Haemophilus parainfluenzae | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Variable |
| Catalase | Variable |
| Gas | Variable |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Variable |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrite Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Small, pleomorphic rods, usually with long, filamentous forms. |
| Urease | Variable |
| V-factor requirement | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Variable |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Fucosidase | Negative (-ve) |
| IgA1 protease | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Variable |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Variable |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Variable |
| Biochemical Tests for Francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Faintly stained Gram-negative |
| H2S (in cysteine-supplemented medium) | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| NH3 produced in liquid media | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative |
| Shape | Short, rod-shaped or coccoid |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Sodium ricinoleate solubility | Positive (+ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Beta-Lactamase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrulline ureidase (CTU) | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Kingella kingae | Results |
|---|---|
| 10% Bile | Negative (-ve) |
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Coagulase | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| H2S | Variable |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| 6% NaCl | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrite Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Coccobacilli (0.6 to 1 μm by 1 to 3 μm) |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acid Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lecithinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Bordetella pertussis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative (-ve) |
| Growth in nutrient broth | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive(+ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Minute coccobacilli |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Adipate | Negative (-ve) |
| Caprate | Negative (-ve) |
| Chymotrypsin activity | Positive (+ve) |
| Gluconate | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylacetate | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Ester C8 lipase activity | Positive (+ve) |
| Lipase C14 activity | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Naphthol-AS-B1 phosphohydrolase activity | Positive (+ve) |
| Trypsin | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Lactobacillus spp. | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | If present, peritrichous |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram positive |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Mostly Negative (-ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Rare; if present, yellow or orange to rust or brick red. |
| Shape | long and slender, sometimes bent rods to short, often coryneform coccobacilli |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Amygdalin | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | Variable |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Haemophilus influenzae | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Strain-dependent |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Variable |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrite Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pigment | Absent or yellowish |
| Shape | Coccobacilli or small regular rods |
| Urease | Variable |
| V-factor requirement | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Fucosidase | Negative (-ve) |
| IgA1 protease | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine decarboxylase | Variable |
| Neuraminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Variable |
| Biochemical Tests for Klebsiella oxytoca | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Variable |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Cylindrical rod shaped which appear singly, in pairs or in short chains |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) | Acid/ Acid; Gas positive; H2S negative |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Variable |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Variable |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Malonate | Variable |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melezitose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mucate | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Tartrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gluconate dehydrogenase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pectate Degradation | Positive (+ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Gardnerella vaginalis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram negative (-ve) or Gram variable |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) (Human or Rabbit Blood) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Pleomorphic Rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Variable |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arbutin | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Variable |
| Galactose | Variable |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Variable |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Variable |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tagatose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Esterase | Negative (-ve) |
| F6PPK | Positive (+ve) |
| a-D-glucosidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lipase | Variable |
| Lysine dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| N-acetyl-a-d-glucosaminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Positive (+ve) |
| Phospholipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Tributyrin | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Burkholderia pseudomallei | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rod-shaped; “safety pin” appearance (bipolar staining) |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) | K/NC/H2S -ve |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Erythritol | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Hippurate | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Positive (+ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Variable |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Tartrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Lecithinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Superoxide Dismutase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Edwardsiella tarda | Results |
|---|---|
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Peritrichous |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| Growth in KCN | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Straight Rods |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) | K/A |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Variable |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Variable |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Variable |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Amylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Beta-Glucuronidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| L-Pyrrolidonyl aminopeptidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Enterobacter aerogenes | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rod-shaped |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) | Acid/ Acid Gas |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gamma-Glutamyl transferase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tetrathionate reductase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Aeromonas caviae | Results |
|---|---|
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Variable (+/-) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram negative |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth in 0% NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth in 3% NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Variable (+/-) |
| Indole | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Variable (+/-) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Rod |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| String Test | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Variable (+/-) |
| DNase | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose (gas) | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycerol | Variable (+/-) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Variable (+/-) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Variable (+/-) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylpyruvic acid production | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Positive (+ve) |
| Arbutin | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Elastase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Variable (+/-) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Alcaligenes faecalis subsp. faecalis | Results |
|---|---|
| Bromocresol purple milk | Alkaline reaction |
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative (-ve) |
| Growth in 7% NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrite Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods or coccobacilli |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Tween 80 | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Adipate | Negative (-ve) |
| Alanine | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellulose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Gluconate | Negative (-ve) |
| Glutamate | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactate | Positive (+ve) |
| Malate | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Propionate | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Succinate | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Chlamydia trachomatis | Results |
|---|---|
| Organism Type | Obligate intracellular organism that parasitize and multiply in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells within membrane bound vacuoles, termed inclusions, by a unique developmental cycle. |
| ATP/ADP Transport System | Negative (-ve) |
| Body Types | Elementary and Reticulate |
| Flagella | Absent |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| Genus Specific Antigen | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Projections on Surface | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Coccoid; 0.2-1.5 Um diameter |
| Arginine | Negative (-ve) |
| Cysteine | Negative (-ve) |
| Glutamine | Variable |
| Histidine | Positive (+ve) |
| Isoleucine | Negative (-ve) |
| Leucine | Variable |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| Methionine | Variable |
| Phenylalanine | Positive (+ve) |
| Threonine | Negative (-ve) |
| Tryptophan | Variable |
| Tyrosine | Negative (-ve) |
| Valine | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose-6-P (ATP-dependent liberation of CO2 ) | Positive (+ve) |
| Glutamate (ATP-dependent liberation of CO2 ) | Positive (+ve) |
| Pyruvate (ATP-dependent liberation of CO2 ) | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Enterococcus faecium | Results |
|---|---|
| 40% Bile Salts | Positive (+ve) |
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-positive |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Variable |
| 0.1% Methylene blue milk | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| 6.5% NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arbutin | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Fucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Beta- Gentiobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Variable |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Variable |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Malate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Variable |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Rhamnose | Variable |
| Sorbitol | Variable |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Variable |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | Variable |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Pyrrolidonyl aminopeptidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Tellurite | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Clostridium botulinum | Results |
|---|---|
| Ammonia Production | Positive (+ve) |
| 20% Bile | Negative (-ve) |
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Peritrichous |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-positive |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve). β-hemolytic |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Milk Digestion | Mostly Positive (+ve) |
| Meat Digestion | Mostly Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Mostly Positive (+ve) |
| 6.5% NaCl | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Straight to slightly curved rods, 0.6–1.4 × 3.0–20.2 μm. |
| Spore | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycine | Positive (+ve) |
| Phenylalanine | Positive (+ve) |
| Proline | Positive (+ve) |
| Serine | Positive (+ve) |
| Tyrosine | Positive (+ve) |
| Tryptophan | Positive (+ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lecithinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Superoxide dismutase | Positive (+ve) |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Enterococcus faecalis | Results |
|---|---|
| Bile Resistance | Resistance to 40% (v/v) bile |
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Gram Staining | Gram-positive |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| 6.5% NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| PYR | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Sodium azide | Positive (+ve) |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Arbutin | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Negative (-ve) |
| Fucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Gentiobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Gluconate | Variable |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Pyruvate | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Variable |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetoin Production | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Beta Glucuronidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Pyrrolidonyl arylamidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Campylobacter fetus | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Capsule like surface (S-layer) proteins |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative |
| KMnO4 | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| 2% NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| 2% Ox-bile | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| 0.02% Safranin | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Slender curved rods; comma-, S-, and gull-shaped; ends of the cells are pointed. |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose (8%) | Positive (+ve) |
| 1% Glycine | Positive (+ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Indoxyl acetate hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippucase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Clostridium perfringens | Results |
|---|---|
| 20% Bile | Positive (+ve) |
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-positive |
| Hemolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Variable |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rod shaped; straight rods with blunt ends |
| Spore | Positive (+ve) |
| 2 % NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| 6.5% NaCl | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Variable |
| DNase | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Weakly Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Variable |
| Inositol | Variable |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Ribose | Variable |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Variable |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Amylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Elastase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Variable |
| Hyalurodinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lecithinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Neuraminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ribonuclease | Positive (+ve) |
| Superoxide dismutase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for B. melitensis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Positive(+ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Litmus Milk | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive(+ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive(+ve) |
| Shape | Coccobacilli, or short rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease | Positive(+ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| L-Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Positive(+ve) |
| D-Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| L- Glucose | Positive(+ve) |
| Oxidation of L- Alanine | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidation of L-Asparagine | Positive (+ve) |
| Oxidation of L-Glutamic acid | Positive (+ve) |
| D-Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| D-Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrulline | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycylglycine-b-naphthylamidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycine-b-naphthylamidase | Positive (+ve) |
| 3-Indoxyl phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| p-Nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactopyranosidase | Negative (-ve) |
| p-Nitrophenyl-alpha-d-galactopyranosidase | Negative (-ve) |
| p-Nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-b-d-glucosaminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| p-Nitrophenyl-alpha-d-glucopyranosidase | Positive (+ve) |
| p-Nitrophenyl phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical tests for Bifidobacterium bifidum | Results |
|---|---|
| 2% Bile Salt | Positive (+ve) |
| Capsule | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-Positive (+ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Pleomorphic rods |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Amylose | Variable |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose-6-Phosphate | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltase | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Variable |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| Pectin | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Variable |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylan | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinosidases | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose 6-phosphoketolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucosidases | Positive (+ve) |
| Glutamate dehydrogenase | Positive (+ve) |
| Glutamine synthetase | Positive (+ve) |
| Hexosaminidases | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests For Bacteroides fragilis | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Weakly Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Gram-negative (-ve) |
| Growth in Bile (20%) | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Variable |
| Motility | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Variable |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rod-shaped cells with rounded ends. |
| Spore | Negative (-ve) |
| Thioglycolate with bile | Positive (+ve) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Variable |
| Glucose | Positive(+ve) |
| Glycogen | Positive(+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive(+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive(+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive(+ve) |
| Melibiose | Weakly Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Positive(+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylan | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Alanine arylamidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Glutamic acid decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycine arylamidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Leucine arylamidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Leucyl glycine arylamidase | Positive (+ve) |
| N-Acety1- b-glucosaminidase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests For Actinomyces israelii | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | -ve |
| Capsule | -ve |
| Catalase | -ve |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | -ve |
| Gram Staining | Gram +ve |
| Hemolysis | -ve |
| Indole | -ve |
| Motility | -ve |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Variable |
| Nitrate Reduction | Variable |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Pigment | -ve |
| Shape | Branching filaments, branched rods and diphtheroidal forms |
| Urease | -ve |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | -ve |
| Cellobiose | +ve |
| DNase | -ve |
| Dulcitol | -ve |
| Fructose | +ve |
| Galactose | +ve |
| Glucose | +ve |
| Glycogen | Variable |
| Hippurate | -ve |
| Inositol | Variable |
| Lactose | +ve |
| Maltose | +ve |
| Mannitol | +ve |
| Mannose | +ve |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| MyoInositol | Variable |
| Raffinose | +ve |
| Rhamnose | -ve |
| Ribose | Variable |
| Salicin | Variable |
| Sorbitol | Variable |
| Starch | -ve |
| Sucrose | +ve |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | +ve |
| Acetoin Production | -ve |
| Casein Hydrolysis | -ve |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | +ve |
| α -Fucosidase | -ve |
| α-Glucosidase | +ve |
| Lipase | -ve |
| β-NAG | -ve |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | +ve |
| Biochemical Test Of Listeria monocytogenes | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | Positive (+ve) |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Beta Hemolysis |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Dextrin | Variable |
| Galactose | Variable |
| Gluconate | Negative (-ve) |
| D-Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Positive (+ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| D-Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Melezitose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Ribose | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Variable |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acid Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellulose | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lecithinase | Positive (+ve) |
| Tryptophanase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests For Helicobacter pylori | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Glycine (1%) Tolerance | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 25, 30 and 45°C | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 35 and 40°C | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth at 0.5 and 0.75 % NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth at 1.00 and 1.25 % NaCl | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth at 1.5 % NaCl | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Motile |
| Nitrate Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Indoxyl Acetate | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Campylobacter jejuni | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 25°C | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 37°C | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth at 42°C | Positive (+ve) |
| Growth on MacConkey Agar | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Non-Hemolytic |
| KOH | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Motile |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrite Reduction | Negative (-ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Non-Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Resistance to cephalothin | Positive (+ve) |
| Resistance to nalidixic acid | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Comma/S-Shaped/Coccoid/Rods |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Variable |
| Arylsulphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Positive (+ve) |
| Indoxyl Acetate | Positive (+ve) |
| Tween 40 | Positive (+ve) |
| Tween 60 | Positive (+ve) |
| Tween 80 | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Results |
|---|---|
| 5 % NaCl Tolerance | Negative (-ve) |
| 68°C Catalase Test | Negative (-ve) |
| Acid Fast Stain | Positive (+ve) |
| Acid Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Amidase Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Arylsulphatase Test | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 22°C | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 25°C | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 42°C | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth at 25°C | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth on P-Nitrobenzoic Acid | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth on TCH (10 mg/ml) | Positive (+ve) |
| Iron Uptake | Negative (-ve) |
| Neutral Red Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Niacin Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Pigmentation | Negative (-ve) |
| Peroxidase Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Pyrazinamidase Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Pyruvate stimulation growth | Negative (-ve) |
| Semi Quantitative Catalase Test | Negative (-ve) |
| Tellurite Reduction Test | Negative (-ve) |
| Tween 80 Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Urease Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Corynebacterium diphtheriae | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | Negative (-ve) |
| Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Cetrimide Test | Negative (-ve) |
| Citrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Coagulase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Non-Flagellated |
| Gas | Variable |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Weak Beta hemolysis |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Non-Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Positive (+ve) |
| Shape | Rod/Club Shaped |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Dextrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Variable |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tellurite | Positive (+ve) |
| Tyrosine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Some Non-Capsulated and Some are encapsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Cetrimide Test | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Coagulase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated (Single) |
| Gas | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Hemolysis | Beta Hemolytic |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Motile (Unipolar) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Negative (-ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Oxidative |
| Oxidase | Positive (+ve) |
| Pigment | Positive (+ve) (Blue/Green) |
| Shape | Rod |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| TSIA (Triple Sugar Iron Agar) | Alkali/Alkali (Red/Red) |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate | Negative (-ve) |
| Trehalose | Negative (-ve) |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lecithinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Positive (+ve) |
| Lysine | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Actinomyces israelii | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | Negative (-ve) |
| Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Flagella | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Positive (+ve) |
| Hemolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Non-Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Anaerobic |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rod |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Cellobiose | Positive (+ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Variable |
| MyoInositol | Variable |
| Raffinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Variable |
| Salicin | Variable |
| Sorbitol | Variable |
| Starch | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acid Phosphatase | Variable |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Casein Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Streptococcus canis | Results |
|---|---|
| CAMP | Negative (-ve) |
| Catalase | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Facultative anaerobes |
| Shape | Cocci |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arbutin | Positive (+ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Fructose | Positive (+ve) |
| Galactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycogen | Negative (-ve) |
| Hippurate | Negative (-ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Inulin | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Positive (+ve) |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Ribose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Positive (+ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Starch | Positive (+ve) |
| Sucrose | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Variable |
| Xylose | Negative (-ve) |
| Alkaline Phosphatase | Positive (+ve) |
| Arginine Dehydrolase | Positive (+ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Positive (+ve) |
| Hyalurodinase | Negative (-ve) |
| Biochemical Tests for Providencia stuartii | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Gas from glucose | Negative (-ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Positive (+ve) |
| Motility | Positive (+ve) |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Positive (+ve) |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rods |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Negative (-ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Cellobiose | Negative (-ve) |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose (Acid) | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Variable |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Negative (-ve) |
| Maltose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Positive (+ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Negative (-ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Variable |
| Tartrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Positive (+ve) |
| Aesculine Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Negative (-ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Negative (-ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Positive (+ve) |
| Biochemical Tests of Hafnia alvei | Results |
|---|---|
| Capsule | Non-Capsulated |
| Catalase | Positive (+ve) |
| Citrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Flagella | Flagellated |
| Gas from Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Gelatin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Gram Staining | Negative (-ve) |
| Growth in KCN | Positive (+ve) |
| H2S | Negative (-ve) |
| Indole | Negative (-ve) |
| Motility | Motile |
| MR (Methyl Red) | Variable |
| Nitrate Reduction | Positive (+ve) |
| OF (Oxidative-Fermentative) | Fermentative |
| Oxidase | Negative (-ve) |
| Pigment | Negative (-ve) |
| Shape | Rod |
| Spore | Non-Sporing |
| Urease | Negative (-ve) |
| VP (Voges Proskauer) | Positive (+ve) |
| Adonitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arabinose | Positive (+ve) |
| Arabitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Arbutin | |
| DNase | Negative (-ve) |
| Dulcitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Erythritol | Negative (-ve) |
| Glucose | Positive (+ve) |
| Glycerol | Positive (+ve) |
| Inositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Lactose | Negative (-ve) |
| Malonate | Variable |
| Maltose | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannitol | Positive (+ve) |
| Mannose | Positive (+ve) |
| Melibiose | Negative (-ve) |
| Mucate | Negative (-ve) |
| MyoInositol | Negative (-ve) |
| Raffinose | Negative (-ve) |
| Rhamnose | Positive (+ve) |
| Salicin | Negative (-ve) |
| Sorbitol | Negative (-ve) |
| Sucrose | Negative (-ve) |
| Tartrate | Positive (+ve) |
| Trehalose | Positive (+ve) |
| Xylose | Positive (+ve) |
| Acetate Utilization | Negative (-ve) |
| Arginine Dihydrolase | Negative (-ve) |
| Esculin Hydrolysis | Negative (-ve) |
| Lipase | Negative (-ve) |
| Lysine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| ONPG (β-galactosidase) | Positive (+ve) |
| Ornithine Decarboxylase | Positive (+ve) |
| Phenylalanine Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
| Tryptophan Deaminase | Negative (-ve) |
