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Laboratory Tests
Most Probable Number (MPN) Test: Principle, Procedure, Results
What is Most Probable Number (MPN) Test? The Most Probable Number (MPN)
Laboratory Tests
Laboratory tests are diagnostic procedures that are performed in a laboratory setting to assess the health of an individual. These tests may be used to diagnose a specific medical condition, to monitor treatment effectiveness, or to assess overall health.
Laboratory tests may involve the analysis of various specimens, including blood, urine, stool, tissues, and other body fluids. The specimens may be analyzed using a variety of techniques, including microscopy, culture methods, molecular techniques, and biochemical assays.
Laboratory tests are typically ordered by a healthcare provider, such as a doctor or nurse practitioner, as part of a medical evaluation or treatment plan. They may be used to diagnose a specific condition, to monitor the progression of a disease, or to assess the effectiveness of a treatment.
Overall, laboratory tests are an important tool for the diagnosis and management of various medical conditions and play a vital role in healthcare. They provide important information to healthcare providers and help to guide the treatment and care of patients.
There are many different types of laboratory tests that can be performed, and the specific tests ordered will depend on the individual’s symptoms and medical history, as well as the healthcare provider’s concerns. Here are a few examples of common types of laboratory tests:
- Blood tests: Blood tests involve the analysis of a blood sample and can be used to diagnose a variety of conditions, including infections, anemia, diabetes, and liver and kidney disorders.
- Urine tests: Urine tests involve the analysis of a urine sample and can be used to diagnose conditions such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease, and diabetes.
- Stool tests: Stool tests involve the analysis of a stool sample and can be used to diagnose conditions such as infections, inflammatory bowel disease, and certain types of cancer.
- Tissue tests: Tissue tests involve the analysis of a sample of tissue, such as a biopsy, and can be used to diagnose conditions such as cancer and infections.
- Molecular tests: Molecular tests involve the analysis of genetic material, such as DNA or RNA, and can be used to diagnose a variety of conditions, including genetic disorders and infections.
Overall, the specific types of laboratory tests ordered will depend on the individual’s specific health concerns and the healthcare provider’s goals for the testing.
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Laboratory Tests
Lysine Iron Agar (LIA) Test Principle, Procedure, Result
What is the Lysine Iron Agar (LIA) Test? The solid medium Lysine
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Laboratory Tests
MIC Test Strip – Quantitative assay for determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (M.I.C.) of antimicrobial drugs against bacteria and the detection of resistance mechanisms can be found with the help of a MIC Test Strip, a quantitative assay.
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Laboratory Tests
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): Principle, Methods
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) can be described as a commonly used test used to detect non-specific signs of inflammation result of infection cancers, or certain autoimmune disorders. It is defined as the rate that Red Blood Cells (RBCs) accumulate over an hour.
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Laboratory Tests
Types of Blood Collection Tubes and Their uses
Evacuated Tubes that are used for blood collection for different laboratory tests are made up of tubes in variable sizes, and color-coded tops to indicate tube contents. The majority of blood collection tubes contain an ingredient that either speeds up the blood's clotting (clot activator) or stops blood from becoming clot-free (anticoagulant). The following list lists the most frequently utilized blood collection tubes, along with their additives, and their uses in lab:
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Laboratory Tests
Widal Test – Principle, Procedure, Result, Advantages, Limitation
The Widal test is an agglutination test that determines any antibodies present in the patient's serum that are generated against the causal agents of the enteric febrile illness (Salmonella Typhi, and Salmonella paratyphi B, A as well as C).
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Laboratory Tests
Nagler Reaction – Lecithinase Test
Nagler's Reaction or Lecithinase test is a test in biochemistry used to detect organisms that produce the phospholipases (lecithinases) e.g. Clostridium perfringens. Its alpha (a) toxin from C. perfringens exhibits the phospholipase enzyme activity, which aids in the distinction between C. perfringens and the other Clostridium species that generate the enzyme lecithinase (C.baratti, C.absonum, C.bifermantans, C.sordelli, and C.novyi) through neutralization of lecithin C activity with an antitoxin.
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Laboratory Tests
Hanging Drop Method (Motility test) Principle, and Procedure, Result, Uses
Hanging drop technique allows for the analysis of living microorganisms. This involves fixing the Microbial suspension into a drop of liquid over the slide of glass.
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Laboratory Tests
Elek test Principle, Procedure, Result
can be described as an test of immunoprecipitation (immunodiffusion) test that determines what specific strain of Corynebacterium Diphtheriae is toxic.
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Laboratory Tests
Stokes Disc Diffusion Method Principle, Procedure, Result.
Stokes disc diffusion method isn't as well-standardized as Kirby-Bauer's method and is utilized in labs especially where the exact amount of antimicrobial present in discs isn't known because of the difficulty in getting discs and correctly storing them or when other requirements needed for the Kirby-Bauer method cannot be fulfilled.
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Laboratory Tests
Study of Chlamydomonas and Volvox by using Whole mount
Chlamydomonas are single-celled green flagellates while Volvox is a part of colonial phytoflagellate that develops a hollow spheroid with several thousand cells enclosed in its mucilaginous wall.
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Laboratory Tests
Study of Rhizopus by using Temporary Mount.
Rhizopus is a multicellular, saprophytic fungi and found on plants. They are parasitic on animals.
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Laboratory Tests
Study of Penicillium using Temporary Mount
Penicillium can be found in a freezer that has not been cleaned for a duration of 2 months or longer.
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Laboratory Tests
Study of Aspergillus by using Temporary Mount Technique
The Lactophenol Cotton Blue solution stains the chitinous cell wall of the fungal cell, which makes them different from the surrounding environments and can easily distinguishable. LCB is made of three main components such as Phenol, Lactic acid, and Cotton blue.
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Laboratory Tests
Temporary Wet Mount (TWM) technique for observation of Living Organisms.
In Mounting technique, the specimen to be observed is held on a microscopic slide by using a coverslip.
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Laboratory Tests
Isolation of Microorganism From Air
The microbial content of the outer atmosphere is changing with the season, it contains various pollen, algae, mosses, grains, spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and viruses.
