Question

Write two major functions, each of the testis and ovary.

Answer 1

Two major functions of the testis are:

1. Spermatogenesis: Testis produces and stores sperm cells. Spermatogenesis is the process of production of sperm cells from spermatogonia.
2. Testosterone production: Testis is the major site of testosterone production in males. Testosterone is a male sex hormone that promotes the development of male secondary sexual characteristics such as deepening of voice, growth of facial hair, and muscle mass.

Two major functions of the ovary are:

• Oogenesis: Ovary produces and releases ova (eggs) during the menstrual cycle. Oogenesis is the process of production of eggs from oogonia.
• Hormone production: Ovary produces two important hormones, estrogen and progesterone, which are involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and pregnancy. Estrogen promotes the development of female secondary sexual characteristics such as breast development and widening of hips. Progesterone prepares the uterus for implantation of the fertilized egg and helps to maintain pregnancy.