Get Study notes related to practicals of microbiology.
What is a Colorimeter? Colorimeter Definition A colorimeter is a scientific instrument used to measure the absorbance of specific wavelengths of light by a solution, aiding in determining the concentration of a solute within that solution based on the Beer-Lambert law. Principle of Colorimeter – How does a colorimeter work? The principle of a colorimeter … Read more
What is Inoculating Loops and Needles? Definition of Inoculating Loops and Needles Inoculating loops and needles are handheld tools used in microbiology laboratories to transfer and manipulate microorganisms. Inoculating loops are wire loops with a small diameter used to collect and streak microbial cultures on solid agar-based media. Inoculating needles are sharp needles used to … Read more
What is Pipette? Definition of Pipette A pipette is a laboratory tool used to measure and transfer small volumes of liquid with precision. Principle of Pipette The principle of a pipette is based on two main mechanisms: the air displacement method and the positive displacement method. These mechanisms determine how the pipette functions and transfers … Read more
What is Laboratory Refrigerators and Freezers? Definition of Laboratory Refrigerators and Freezers Laboratory refrigerators and freezers are specialized equipment used in scientific and medical settings to store and preserve samples, specimens, vaccines, pharmaceuticals, and biological materials at specific temperatures. They ensure hygienic conditions, precise temperature control, and reliable performance to maintain the integrity and viability … Read more
What is Hot Plate? Definition of Hot Plate A hot plate is a portable heating device with a flat surface used to heat samples or materials in a controlled manner without the need for an open flame. Principle of Hot Plate The principle of a hot plate involves the use of electric current and magnetic … Read more
What is Incinerator? Definition of Incinerator An incinerator is a specialized furnace designed for burning potentially dangerous materials in a controlled manner, typically at high temperatures, to eliminate pollutants and safely dispose of waste. Working principle of Incinerator The principle of an incinerator is based on a two-stage combustion process, involving a primary combustion chamber … Read more
What is a homogenizer? Homogenizer Definition A homogenizer is a device used to mix, emulsify, and evenly distribute particles in liquids, creating a uniform and homogeneous mixture. What does a Homogenizer do? Homogenizers are utilised to combine chemical and biological materials. This frequently involves lysing cells to create a homogeneous suspension. With the addition of … Read more
What is a Vortex Mixer? Definition of Vortex Mixer A vortex mixer is a laboratory device that uses rapid circular oscillations to create a swirling motion, or vortex, in small volumes of liquid samples for efficient mixing and blending. Principle of Vortex Mixer The principle of a vortex mixer is based on the oscillation of … Read more
A water bath is laboratory equipment consisting of a heated water-filled container. It is utilised to incubate water samples at a steady temperature for an extended period of time. Some water baths have their temperature controlled by a current going through a reader. The majority of water baths allow users to specify a desired temperature … Read more
What is Gel Electrophoresis System? Definition of Gel Electrophoresis System Gel electrophoresis is a laboratory technique that uses a gel as a medium to separate and analyze biomacromolecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins based on their size and charge. An electric field is applied to move the molecules through the gel, with smaller or … Read more
What is an autoclave? Definition of Autoclave An autoclave is a machine that uses steam under pressure to sterilize materials by killing bacteria, viruses, and spores. Who Invented The Autoclave Machine? Autoclave Temperature and Time Pressure Autoclave Pressure and Temperature Chart STERILIZER TEMPERATURE PRESSURE TIME Steam autoclave 121°C (250°F) 15 psi 15 min Unwrapped items … Read more
What is Alcohol burner? Definition of Alcohol burner An alcohol burner is a small, portable laboratory device that uses denatured alcohol as fuel to produce a controlled flame for heating, sterilization, and experimental purposes. Working Principle of Alcohol burner Factors that affect the working principle of an alcohol burner Several factors can influence the working … Read more
What is a Bunsen Burner? Definition of Bunsen Burner A Bunsen burner is a laboratory gas burner that produces a controlled flame for scientific experiments and research purposes. Principle of Bunsen burner The Bunsen burner, a staple in scientific laboratories, operates on foundational principles of combustion and gas mixing. Constructed predominantly from metal, the burner … Read more
What is Colony Counter? Definition of Colony Counter A colony counter is a device used in microbiology laboratories to count bacterial or microorganism colonies on a solid growth medium. It simplifies and accelerates the colony counting process, providing an accurate measurement of colony forming units (CFUs) in a given sample. Purpose of colony counting The … Read more
What is Two pan or equal arm analytical balance? Principle of Two pan or equal arm analytical balance – How does a two-pan or equal-arm analytical balance work? Parts of a Two pan or equal arm analytical balance Additional parts that may be found on some two-pan analytical balances include: While the core components mentioned … Read more
What is Single Pan or Unequal Arm Mechanical Balance? Parts of Single Pan/Unequal Arm Mechanical Balance A single pan or unequal arm mechanical balance consists of several key parts that contribute to its functioning and accuracy. Here is a description of the various parts: These parts work together to create a functional and reliable single … Read more
What is Triple Beam Balance? Definition of Triple Beam Balance A triple beam balance is a precise measuring instrument used to determine the mass of an object. It consists of three beams, each with different sizes and scale readings, allowing for precise measurements ranging from 0.1 grams to 600 grams. Parts of Triple Beam Balance … Read more
What is Analytical Balance? Principle of Analytical Balance – Weighing balance principle Types of analytical balance 1. Two pan or equal arm analytical balance 2. Single pan or unequal arm mechanical balance 3. Electronic single pan balance 4. Microbalance Parts of Analytical Balance with Functions Procedure for Operating Analytical Balance – Weighing Procedure of an … Read more
What is Reversed-Phase Chromatography? Principle of Reversed-Phase Chromatography The principle of reversed-phase chromatography (RPC) is rooted in the interaction between molecules possessing hydrophobic groups. In RPC, the stationary phase comprises a solid support material that is modified with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. When a sample is introduced into the chromatographic system, the solvent molecules … Read more
What is Liquid Chromatography? Types of Liquid Chromatography Liquid chromatography can be classified into four main types based on the components involved in the chromatographic process: These different types of liquid chromatography offer versatility in separating and analyzing diverse compounds, catering to various research and industrial applications. Researchers select the appropriate type of liquid chromatography … Read more
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