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Stokes disc diffusion method isn’t as well-standardized as Kirby-Bauer’s method and is utilized in labs especially where the exact amount of antimicrobial present in discs isn’t known because of the difficulty in getting discs and correctly storing them or when other requirements needed for the Kirby-Bauer method cannot be fulfilled.
Cooked Meat Medium was originally developed by Robertson to cultivate specific anaerobes isolated from wounds.
The current formulation is a modified version, sometimes referred to by the name of Chopped Meat Medium, which allows for the growth of a variety of spores and non-spore-forming strict anaerobes.
What is the ornithine decarboxylase test? Objectives of Decarboxylase Test Principle of Ornithine decarboxylase test/Principle of Decarboxylase Test Requirement The combination of these specific media, reagents, and supplies facilitates the accurate execution of the Decarboxylase Test. Each component plays a distinct role, from providing essential nutrients and pH indicators in the medium to ensuring the … Read more
The concept of using fluorescence to study biological materials dates back to the late 19th century, but the first practical fluorescence microscope was not developed until the 1930s. In 1938, Robert Goldstein and Richard Manly, researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, published a paper describing the use of fluorescence to study cells and tissues … Read more
What is Ames Test? Definition of Ames Test The Ames test is a biological assay developed by Bruce Ames, used to assess the mutagenic potential of chemical compounds by observing their ability to induce mutations in specific strains of bacteria, primarily Salmonella typhimurium. A positive result indicates that the chemical may be mutagenic and potentially … Read more
What is Nylander’s Test? Nylander’s Test, a renowned chemical assay, is primarily employed to ascertain the presence of reducing sugars within a given sample. Reducing sugars, as the name suggests, possess the inherent ability to act as reducing agents. Therefore, when these sugars, such as fructose and glucose, are subjected to alkaline conditions, they can … Read more
The concept of Blood grouping was first discovered by Karl Landsteiner in 1901, who was an Austrian-American immunologist and pathologist. He received Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1930 for this discovery.
What is Most Probable Number (MPN) Test? The Most Probable Number (MPN) test is a widely recognized method employed to determine the concentration of viable microorganisms in a given sample. This method involves the use of liquid broth growth in ten-fold dilutions to replicate and estimate microbial populations. It is especially beneficial for samples like … Read more
What is Dark Field Microscopy? Definition of Dark Field Microscope A darkfield microscope is a type of optical microscope that uses oblique illumination to light the specimen, causing it to appear bright against a dark background. This technique enhances the visibility of transparent and living specimens by excluding the unscattered light from the image. Principle … Read more
What is an Inverted Microscope? Inverted Microscope Definition An inverted microscope is a specialized light microscope where the light source and condenser are positioned above the specimen stage, while the objectives and turret are below the stage, allowing for the viewing of specimens from a bottom-up perspective. This design is opposite to that of conventional … Read more
What is Methyl Red (MR) Test? Objectives of Methyl Red (MR) Test The objectives of the Methyl Red (MR) Test can be outlined as follows: Principle of Methyl Red test The principle of the Methyl Red (MR) test is based on assessing the ability of an organism to produce and maintain stable acid end products through … Read more
What is pH Meter? Definition of pH Meter A pH meter is a scientific instrument used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of aqueous solutions by determining the hydrogen-ion activity, expressed as pH. It operates based on the difference in electrical potential between a pH electrode and a reference electrode. What is pH? In the … Read more
What is Acid Fast Stain? Objective of Acid Fast Stain Principle of Acid Fast Stain The principle of the Acid Fast Stain revolves around the unique characteristics of certain bacterial cells, particularly their resistance to conventional staining methods due to the presence of mycolic acid in their outer membrane. This expository explanation aims to elucidate … Read more
Nutrient agar is an essential culture medium that is commonly used for the cultivation of non-fastidious microorganisms. It can also be used to ensure quality control and quality prior to serological or biochemical tests.
Gram-staining used to differentiate between Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria.
What is Bright Field Microscope? Bright Field Microscope Definition The Brightfield Microscope, often termed the Compound Light Microscope, is an optical instrument that utilizes light rays to produce a dark image against a bright background, primarily used in biological studies to observe stained specimens. Principle of Brightfield Microscope The Brightfield Microscope operates on a foundational … Read more
Transport media are basically buffer solutions that contain carbohydrate, peptones, along with other nutritional elements (excluding growing factors) that are designed to protect the health of bacteria during transport, without allowing for their multiplicity. The main goal of utilization of the medium is to keep the sample as close to its original condition as is possible.
Benedict’s test is a chemical test that is used to test for the presence of reduced sugars within an analytical test. Thus, simple carbohydrates that contain an aldehyde or free ketone functional group are detected using this test. The test is basing itself upon Benedict’s Reagent (also called Benedict’s solution) which is a complex mix of sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and the pentahydrate of copper(II) Sulfate.
What is Indole test? Indole Test Definition The indole test is a biochemical assay used to determine a bacterium’s ability to metabolize tryptophan into indole through the action of the enzyme tryptophanase, aiding in the differentiation and identification of certain bacterial species. Purpose of Indol Test (Objectives of Indole Test) The indole test serves a … Read more
What is Spot Indole Test? Definition of Spot Indole Test The Spot Indole Test is a rapid biochemical method used to detect the production of indole by bacteria, indicating their ability to metabolize the amino acid tryptophan. This test aids in differentiating specific bacterial species based on their tryptophan degradation capabilities. Objectives of Spot Indole Test … Read more
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