There are many different types of laboratory instruments that are used in the laboratory setting to perform various types of experiments and analyses. Here are a few examples of common laboratory instruments:
Overall, laboratory instruments are an important tool for scientists and researchers, as they allow them to perform experiments and analyses with accuracy and precision.
What is Centrifugal force? Definition of Centrifugal force Centrifugal force is an outward fictitious force experienced by objects moving in a circular path, directed away from the center of rotation. Centrifugal force formula The centrifugal force can be calculated using different formulas depending on the available information. If the velocity (v) of the moving object … Read more
Gel permeation chromatography may also be known as gel size exclusion or filtration. For size-exclusion chromatography it is the case that stationary phases are a porous matrices made consisting of substances like cross-linked polystyrene (CLP), polyacrylamide gels, cross-linked dextrans as well as agarose gels. The separation is determined by the molecular sizes of the analytes as the gel acts as the molecular sieve.
Biomolecules are isolated using various techniques that allow them to be separated by the difference in their unique characteristics like size, hydrophobicity and biorecognition and charge, for example. Gelfiltration is a process where the separation of the components is determined by the the molecular weight, or in size. It is the most simple and gentle of all chromatography techniques and is able to separate molecules based on variations in size.
The X-rays comprise X-radiation, which is a type of electromagnetic radiation. The most common X-rays are those with a wavelength of 0.01 up to 10 nanometers which corresponds to frequencies in the 30 petahertz range and 30 exahertz (3×1016 Hz to 3×1019 Hz) and energies that are in the range of 100 eV to 100 keV, created by the deceleration and acceleration of electrons with high energy. The term “X-ray spectroscopy” is a generic term used to describe a variety of spectroscopic methods to characterize materials employing the excitation of x-rays.
The gas chromatography process differs from other types of chromatography because it is gas, and the components are separated into vapours. This allows it to distinguish and identify smaller molecular weight compounds inside the gas phase. The sample is either liquid or gas which is then vaporized at the port for injection. The mobile phase in gas chromatography is a transporter gas, most often helium, because due to its molecular weight being low and its chemical inert. It is pressed, and the mobile phase is able to move the analyte along the column. The separation process is carried out using a column coated stationary phase.
Gamma rays are an extremely high intensity of light produced by radioactive elements, stellar bodies that are energetic, such as neutron stars and black holes and high-energy phenomena like nuclear explosions and supernovae. Gamma-ray (g-ray) spectrum is a fast and nondestructive method of analysis which can be utilized to detect radioactive isotopes within the sample. Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) is a device that measures the range of intensity of gamma radiation in relation to the energy of the photon.
The paper chromatography (PC) can be described as a kind of planar chromatography, where the chromatography processes are performed on a special paper. PC is thought to be the most simple and the most extensively employed of chromatographic techniques due to its ability for isolation, identification, and quantitative analysis for organic as well as inorganic substances. PC was first developed in 1865 by German scientists Christian Friedrich Schonbein (1865).
constituents of a mix for an analysis that is both qualitative as well as quantitative. For this type of physical separation, the components that are to be separated are divided into two phases. One has a stationary (stationary phase) while the second (the mobile phase) is moving in a specific direction. Based on what phase is stationary and which the mobile phase, they may be of various types.
The spectroscopy of nuclear magnetic resonance often referred to NMR spectroscopy, also known as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a method of spectroscopy to detect local magnetic fields around the nuclei of atomic particles. It is a spectroscopy method that is based on an absorption process of electromagnetic radiation within the radio frequency range of from 4 to 900 MHz nuclei in atoms. In the last 50 decades, NMR has become the leading method to determine what the organic structure is. Out of all the methods for spectroscopy it is the sole one in that a full examination and understanding of the whole spectrum is typically required.
Infrared (IR) mibroscopy, also known as vibrational spectroscopy is a method of analysis that takes advantage of the vibrational transitions of a molecule. It is among the most widely employed spectroscopic techniques utilized by organic and inorganic chemical scientists due to its effectiveness in determining the structure of molecules and in identifying them.
A spectrophotometer is a laboratory instrument that is used to measures electromagnetic energy at specific wavelengths of light.
Chromatography is a vital biophysical process that permits it to separate, identify and separation of the constituents of a mixture to enable the quantitative as well as qualitative evaluation. This is a separation process where a mobile component that is carrying a mixture is made to move when in contact with a stationary phase.
Micropipette is a standard but essential instrument in the laboratory utilized to precisely and accurately transfer volumes of liquid within small microliter volume. Micropipettes are offered in single and multi channel versions. The single channel micropipettes are utilized in laboratories which conduct research in microbiology, molecular biology, cell culture, immunology, biochemistry, analytical chemistry, and genetics, multichannel micropipettes are ideal to be used for ELISA (diagnostic testing) as well as molecular screening study of kinetics and DNA amplification.
What is Electroporator (Electroporation machine)? What is Electroporation? Definition of Electroporator (Electroporation machine) An electroporator is a scientific instrument or device used in molecular biology and genetic engineering to facilitate the process of electroporation. Electroporation involves the application of electric pulses to cells in order to create temporary pores in their cell membranes, allowing the … Read more
What is PCR Machine? Principle of PCR The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is based on a set of principles that enable the amplification of specific DNA sequences. The key components involved in PCR are the template DNA, DNA primers, DNA polymerase enzyme, and deoxynucleotide substrates. The principle of PCR begins with the selection of a … Read more
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) is a method used to aid in the separation of huge deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA) molecules using the gel matrix an electric field that continuously shifts direction. Because DNA greater than 15-20kb moving through a gel is able to move in a size-independent manner. The conventional gel electrophoresis method was not able to separate massive DNA molecules effectively that led to the use of electrophoresis using pulsed fields.
A compound microscope is a class of optical or light microscope. I have already discussed about basics of a microscope on my previous note “Parts of Microscope with their Functions and Working Principle”, you can check them to get an idea about from which class compound microscope belongs and what is a microscope, and more. … Read more
A microtome is a scientific instrument used to cut very thin slices of material, typically for use in microscopy. The material being sliced can be a variety of things, including biological tissue, plant specimens, or materials for industrial or electronic purposes. The microtome works by holding the material in place and then moving a blade … Read more
Cellulose Acetate Electrophoresis (CAE) is a method of separating charged molecules, including proteins, based on their charge and size. It uses a cellulose acetate sheet as a medium for separation, and an electrical current to move the molecules through the medium. The charged molecules are separated based on their migration rate through the cellulose acetate … Read more
An Automated Cell Counter is a machine or device that is used to count the number of cells in a biological sample. It uses various technologies such as image analysis, impedance measurement, or fluorescence to accurately determine the number of cells present. The importance of cell counting lies in its widespread applications in the fields … Read more
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